學生運動員學業刻板印象之回顧

Literature review of the effects of stereotype threat on student-athletes' academic performance

李殷如(Yin-Ru Li) ； 許雅雯(Ya-Wen Hsu)

《中華體育季刊》 32卷2期 (2018/06) Pp. 151-158

https://doi.org/10.3966/102473002018063202007

摘要

關於學生運動員的學業和生涯發展，值得關注的議題之一是對於運動員的學業刻板印象，稱為＂dumb jock＂或是『四肢發達、頭腦簡單』。許多不同領域之文獻都已證實刻板印象威脅會對於一個人的動機、行為和表現產生負面影響。基於目前較多研究探討性別刻板印象之影響，而在學業領域對於此議題之探討較不足，本文首先介紹刻板印象以及刻板印象威脅的概念以及內涵，並且回顧整理在學業情境中，與運動員刻板印象及學業表現有關之調查研究，以及刻板印象威脅之實驗研究。由於刻板印會對於一個人的自我效能和生涯選擇產生重要影響，本文回顧結果可提供運動員生涯輔導做為參考。

關鍵字

自證預言 ； 學生運動員 ； 學業表現 ； 生涯發展

並列摘要

About student-athletes' academic performance and career development, one of the major issues is the negative stereotypes that most people hold about them. The stereotype most addressed in the literature is ＂dumb jock＂ and ＂all brawn and no brains＂. Literature from different research fields has documented the negative influence of stereotype threats on an individual's motivation, behaviors, and performance. Previous research mostly focus on gender-role stereotypes and its influence. The effects of stereotypes on student-athletes' academic performance has yet to be documented. Thus, this paper first introduces the concept of stereotype and stereotype threats. Furthermore, this review focuses on research related to stereotypes and student-athletes' academic performance, as well as the experimental design approach for explore the impact of stereotype threat on performance. Based on the influence of stereotype on students' self-efficacy and career preference, this paper could be used as a reference for student-athletes' career consultation in the future.

並列關鍵字

self-fulfilling prophecy ； student-athletes ； academic performance ； career development

參考文獻

許雅雯、李殷如、林雨德(2017)。體育系刻板印象的初步探索與測量發展。嘉大體育健康休閒期刊。16(3)，70-79。

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