職業安全衛生顧問人力與制度探討

A Study on the Occupational Safety and Health Consulting System and Available Manpower

莊坤遠(Kuen-Yuan Chuang) ； 陳旺儀(Wan-Yi Chen) ； 蘇德勝(Teh-Sheng Su) ； 陳志勇(Chih-Yong Chen) ； 鍾志生(Chih-Sheng Chung)

《勞工安全衛生研究季刊》 22卷4期 (2014/12) Pp. 435-446

摘要

職業安全衛生法已於2013年7月修正公布，導入職業安全衛生顧問制度來提供事業單位專業技術輔導，在專業技術範圍與職業安全衛生顧問機構的管理方面仍有待中央主關機關制定相關規定，本研究藉由資料蒐集法與專家深入訪談法蒐集我國現有職業安全衛生專業人力、國外主要國家之專業人員養成、認可與服務管理制度，加上我國職業安全衛生相關產業、主管機關與學界意見，綜合上述結果撰寫本文提供參考。研究發現美國的安全衛生專業人員密度最高，每百萬勞工所約擁有229名，其次為日本每百萬勞工有135名的勞動安全衛生顧問，英國每百萬勞工有74名登錄顧問人員。我國以現有職業安全衛生技師領證人數計算，每百萬勞工有77名技師，若僅計算執業技師人數及執行作業環境測定工礦衛生技師人數，則每百萬勞工所有專業人員不及9名。事業單位的職業安全專業技術涵蓋環境工程控制、製程與施工風險評估、健康風險與暴露評估、職業病預防輔導，以及人機介面等內容，建議可納入相關工程類技師、職業醫學科專科醫師以及大專院校相關研究人員來提供各類技術服務，另外建議放寬安全衛生技師應考資格，使理、工、醫領域之專業人員可同時在安全衛生領域提供專業服務，以緩和專業技術服務人力不足的問題。

關鍵字

職業安全衛生顧問機構 ； 安全衛生技師 ； 職業安全衛生法 ； 安全衛生專業人員

並列摘要

The amendment of the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act which was made public in July 2013 specifies the adoption of an OSH consulting system to provide manufacturers with professional technical guidance. As far as the scope of professional technologies and the management of OSH consulting organizations are concerned, the ministry of labor has yet to formulate the relevant regulations. This study relies on data collection methods and in-depth expert interviews to collect relevant data on currently available OSH professional manpower in Taiwan, as well as the training of professional personnel in major foreign countries, the accreditation and service management system, and the viewpoints of representatives of OSH related industries, government agencies, and academic circles in Taiwan. This study provides a summary of the abovementioned results as a reference for professionals in related fields. The author discovered that the US is characterized by the highest manpower density in the field of OSH with around 219 professionals per 1 million workers. This is followed by Japan with 146 labor safety and health consultants per 1 million workers, and the UK with 73 registered consultants per 1 million workers. It is 77 qualified OSH engineers for 1 million workers in Taiwan. If calculations are solely based on the number of practical engineers or health engineers who conduct work environment surveys, the ratio drops to less than 9 engineers for 1 million workers. Professional OSH technologies include environmental engineering control, process and construction risk assessment, health risk and exposure assessment, guidance for the prevention of occupational diseases as well as man-machine interfaces. It is recommended that engineering technicians of related fields, occupational medicine physicians, and research personnel of colleges and universities should also be commissioned to provide different types of technical services. It is further suggested that the eligibility criteria for OSH engineer exams be widened to allow professional personnel in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine to provide professional safety and health services on a concurrent basis to fill the manpower gap in this field.

並列關鍵字

Occupational safety and health consulting organizations ； Safety and health engineers ； Occupational Safety and Health Act ； Professional safety and health personnel

參考文獻

職業安全衛生法。全國法規資料庫(http://law.moj.gov.tw)。

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行政院公共工程委員會。改進技師簽證及執業輔導實施方案。台北市： 行政院公共工程委員會；2010。http://www.pcc.gov.tw/pccap2/FMGRfrontend/DownloadQuoteFile.do?fileCode=F2010100050

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