樹木葉片營養成分對臺灣山羌攝食選擇的影響

臺灣山羌廣泛分布於全島平地至高海拔山區，但我們對野生山羌的食物選擇機制瞭解不多。本研究於福山試驗林野生山羌活動頻繁區域，採行投食試驗方式，記錄山羌對35種原生樹木葉片的取食偏好，並經由葉片營養成分分析，探討山羌對不同樹木葉片營養成分的喜好與忌避。福山地區野生山羌喜食非纖維性碳水化合物含量高的葉片，不喜食中洗纖維含量高的葉片，尤其是忌避木質素含量高的樹木葉片。然而少部分低木質素、高非纖維性碳水化合物含量的葉片(例如山豬肝、柏拉木)山羌也完全不取食。葉片投食試驗中有5種殼斗科的葉片，山羌全數不取食，8種樟科葉片中有6種山羌全數不取食，另2種為少量取食，推測山羌可能不喜食質地堅硬的葉片(例如殼斗科植物)及富含揮發性精油的葉片(例如樟科植物)。除了葉片營養成分是否容易消化、吸收外，葉片的物理性狀，以及與礦物質、氣味、毒性有關的化學成分，都可能影響山羌對樹木葉片的選擇。

關鍵字

山羌；食物偏好；營養成分；臺灣；樹葉

並列摘要

Formosan Reeve's muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi micrurus) is widely distributed in Taiwan, but its food selection mechanisms in the wild are still unclear. In this study, the herbivory preferences of Formosan Reeve's muntjac to 35 native tree species' leaves were tested at the Fushan Experimental Forest, northeastern Taiwan. In addition, leaf nutrient contents were analyzed to examine their associations with muntjac herbivory preferences. Wild muntjacs at Fushan preferred the leaves with high non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) content and avoided of the ones with high neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content, and particularly those with high lignin content. However, tree leaves of Symplocos theophrastifolia and Blastus cochinchinensis, which contained high NFC and low lignin contents, were also avoided by muntjacs. We also found that tree leaves of 5 Fagaceae species and 6 of 8 Lauraceae species were avoided by muntjacs, suggesting that muntjacs might dislike tree leaves with coriaceous texture (e.g., Fagaceae) or with strong volatile essences (e.g., Lauraceae). Therefore, in addition to leaf nutrient contents, leaf physical traits as well as chemical composition like minerals, odorant substances, and phytotoxins, may also affect the herbivory preference of muntjacs.

並列關鍵字

muntjac ； herbivory preference ； nutrition content ； Taiwan ； tree leaf

國際替代計量

樹木葉片營養成分對臺灣山羌攝食選擇的影響

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