視障者用藥安全之文獻回顧與探討

The Practice of Medication Safety in Visually Impaired Patients: A Literature Review and Discussion

劉怡君(Yi-Jiun Liu) ； 陳怡靜(I-Chin Chen) ； 陳立奇(Lih-Chi Chen)

《臺灣臨床藥學雜誌》 26卷2期 (2018/04) Pp. 94-102

https://doi.org/10.6168/FJCP.201804_26(2).0002

摘要

視覺障礙者的用藥安全是個重要但容易被忽略的議題，隨著人口老化及文明疾病（如糖尿病、高度近視、視網膜剝離病變等），致後天及中途失明的視障人口增加，讓視障用藥安全逐漸受到重視。與一般大眾不同，視障者不容易自行讀取藥品的文字資訊，他們常用來獲取藥品資訊或區別藥品的方式，包括透過醫療人員協助、Braille Alphabets系統、不同型態的包裝或瓶子、語音錄製、不同線條的繩子、字體放大、明顯的顏色對比與勾註服法圖形等方式等；近年科技進步，高科技產品亦成為視障者有利的輔助工具，利用晶片或掃描系統，將編碼變成聲音如QR code語音，應用於藥物資訊提供之輔助。這些科技輔助方式，對所有視障者受益程度，值得進一步評估與探討。本文透過文獻回顧方式，針對視障族群的用藥問題、認知、用藥輔助現況進行介紹，進以討論改善視障用藥安全的可能方式。

關鍵字

視障 ； 盲人 ； 用藥安全 ； 點字 ； 語音指導

並列摘要

The practice of medication safety in visually impaired patients is an important but largely ignored issue. As the number of people with visual impairment increases due to the increase of aging population and the increasing prevalence of diseases of affluence (e.g., diabetes, severe near-sightedness, and macular degeneration), the issue of medication safety among visually impaired patients becomes a major public health concern. Unlike the majority of people who can read drug information off the label, visually-impaired patients have adopted other means such as help through medical staffs, Braille Alphabets system, different shapes of containers, recorded vocal instruction, strings of different texture, enlarged prints, apparent color contrast prints, and pictorial display of dosing time. In recent years, the technological advancements allow the development of better tools for visually-impaired patients. For example, drug information can be encoded into QR code or computer chips and through scanning or chip-sensing systems, the specific drug information can be retreated into vocal sound. The benefits of these technology systems are worth for further discussion. This article aims to review relevant research papers and references on medication safety in visually impaired patients, to investigate the pattern and the tendency of care for visually impaired patients, and to discuss the possible methods to improve their medication safety.

並列關鍵字

Visual Impairment ； Blind ； Medication Safety ； Braille ； Audio Instructions