A Brief Review of the Characteristics of Chitosan and Its Use during Guided Tissue Regeneration

幾丁質膜在牙周組織再生中之應用：文獻回顧

那亞英(Nyamsuren Enkhbileg) ； 呂炫堃(Hsein-Kun Lu)

《臺灣牙周病醫學會雜誌》 22卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 45-63

https://doi.org/10.6121/TAP.2017.22.1.06

摘要

A material that is used as a membrane during guided tissue regeneration procedures has to satisfy several characteristics and these include biocompatibility, semi-permeability, space making, the ability to undergo tissue integration and clinical manageability. Our brief review finds that chitosan (CS), which is a natural biopolymer, has a number of beneficial characteristics including biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity and pro-inflammatory activity, the latter playing an important role in the immune response. The antimicrobial activity of CS has been well studied using a wide variety of microorganisms and its effectiveness against bacteria seems to be due to destruction of the bacterial membrane, which results in the death of the microorganism. Furthermore, CS activates immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells and this then stimulates an antiinflammatory reaction and the apoptosis of macrophages; these events accelerate wound healing. Furthermore, CS membranes have high tensile strength and good permeability, while still having an appropriate rate of degradation. It can be concluded that CS is a good material for barrier membranes that are to be used during guided tissue regeneration.

關鍵字

chitosan ； barrier membrane ； biopolymer membrane ； guided tissue regeneration

並列摘要

選擇一種理想的組織再生膜應具備下列幾個特性：生物相容性；半滲透性；空間維持性；組織整合性；及臨床可操作性。我們的短評回顧發現，Chitosan (CS)是一種天然生物多分子聚合物。它具備生物相容性，滅菌性，抗發炎性，並於免疫反應中具有重要的調控地位。它的廣效滅菌性可能植基於他對細菌細胞膜具有破壞的作用。它的抗發炎性可能是因它會活化巨噬細胞與樹突狀細胞，調控免疫反應，因此可以促進傷口癒合。CS同時具備高延展性與半滲透性，並具有適當的可分解性。所以在組織再生手術中，CS是一種理想的組織再生膜選擇材料。

並列關鍵字

幾丁質 ； 障蔽薄膜 ； 生醫聚合物膜 ； 組織導引再生