領域化與網絡化的多重張力──「地方」概念的理論性探討

Multiple Tensions in Territorialization and Networking: A Theoretical Enquiry of the 'Place' Concept

王志弘(Chih-Hung Wang)

《城市與設計學報》 23期 (2015/09) Pp. 71-100

https://doi.org/10.30008/CD.201509_(23).0002

摘要

本文主張，晚近注重連結和網絡化的地方概念，必須以領域化向度來補充，不能視後者為保守落伍。地方的概念化應考慮政治與存有論，但地方的保守或進步性質取決於社會鬥爭及其價值立場，而非政治實作和存有論上的必然。本文首先整理地方的概念化，說明各學派對於區位、場所與意義����價值的不同偏重；地方與社會辯證觀的空間理論源流；以及社會變遷趨勢下，空間和地方的二元對照式界定和政治爭論。其次，本文借道哈維和瑪西的爭論，指出瑪西雖以進步的地方概念指責哈維過度擔憂地方政治的保守性，但相較於瑪西偏重多重性、關係性與過程的存有論，哈維的絕對、相對和關係空間並存辯證觀，卻有助於提醒地方領域化的必要。最後，作者挪用索雅的「第三空間」和兩兼其外觀點，主張地方概念應該兼納領域化和網絡化過程又超越之，展現為絕對與相對、物與非物、本質與建構、圈限與連結、固著與流動、特殊與普遍、局部與全局等多重張力的兩兼其外思考。

關鍵字

地方 ； 空間 ； 領域化 ； 網絡化 ； 地方政治 ； 地方存有論

並列摘要

This article argues that the conceptualization of place in recent years, which emphasizes articulation and networking, should reconsider the dimension of territorialization and not regard it as conservative or regressive. The conceptualization of place must take ontology and politics into consideration, but the progressiveness or conservativeness of place concept is not intrinsic to its ontology. Firstly, the article gives an overview of the conceptualization of place, explaining theoretical development, the dialectics between place and society as well as the political contentions of the space-place dualisms. Secondly, by discussing the debate between David Harvey and Doreen Massey, the author attempts to point out the significance of re-emphasizing the territorial dimension of the place concept. Massey has proposed the idea of＂ progressive sense of place＂, which stresses multiplicity and relationality, to accuse Harvey of over-worrying the conservativeness of place. But Harvey's perspective on absolute space, relative space and relational space is a good reminder for us that territorialization is still essential to the conceptualization of place. Finally, the author adopts Edward Soja's＂ both and/ also＂ logic as well as the idea of＂ thirdspace＂, arguing that the place concept should include both territorialization and networking, and cannot be equated with the former items in dualisms such as absolute/relative, object/non-object, essence/construction, closure/connection, fixity/flow, particular/universal, and local/global, but contains all these tensions simultaneously.

並列關鍵字

place ； space ； territorialization ； networking ； politics of place ； ontology of place

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