急性健身運動與執行功能之劑量反應關係

Dose-Response Relationship between Acute Exercise and Executive Function

張晏山(Yen-Shan Chang) ； 陳豐慈(Feng-Tzu Chen) ； 宋岱芬(Tai-Fen Song) ； 張育愷(Yu-Kai Chang)

《大專體育》 142期 (2017/09) Pp. 35-44

https://doi.org/10.6162/SRR.2017.142.04

摘要

諸多統合分析已發現急性健身運動與執行功能之正向關聯，然而這效益可能會受到健身運動時間與強度所調節。本回顧旨在統整有關急性健身運動時間或強度與執行功能相關之劑量反應研究。經時間劑量文獻回顧後結果發現，相較於過短或過長時間，20分鐘有氧健身運動對抑制執行功能的效益較佳。而強度劑量文獻回顧結果指出，急性有氧健身運動對年輕族群抑制執行功能並無強度劑量之差異。在急性健身運動與事件關聯電位研究上，低或中等強度健身運動對年輕族群大腦注意力投入資源有正面影響。除以有氧運動介入外，研究亦發現急性阻力健身運動對年輕族群之抑制、及中年族群之計畫執行功能表現有正面影響，尤其中等強度之促進效益最佳。回顧健身運動中相關研究後，發現執行功能受暫時性額葉假說而有負向影響，然該議題仍有其分歧。在老年族群方面，低或中等強度可有效促進大腦對刺激的評估速度。另外，急性健身運動對特殊族群之執行功能並不會受到強度劑量所影響。目前相關研究仍較少，本文建議未來研究可依強度指標、樣本數、執行功能類別、及生化指標等進行後續研究，期望能延伸目前研究知識之缺口。

關鍵字

時間 ； 強度 ； 事件關聯電位 ； 生化指標

並列摘要

Recent meta-analysis has evidenced the positive relationship between acute exercise and executive function. However, the effect may be moderated by exercise duration and intensity. The purpose of the current review is to integrate research about the dose-response relationship between acute exercise duration and intensity. After reviewing studies on duration dose-response, it was found that acute aerobic exercise done for 20 minutes has the greatest effects on the inhibitory executive function in a younger population. Results indicate that there are no intensity dose-response effects of acute exercise on the inhibitory executive function in a younger population. Regarding a study about acute exercise and event-related potentials, the review mentioned that acute exercise performed at light and moderate intensity has a positive influence on the brain's attention resource allocation. In addition to aerobic exercise, there are positive effects of acute resistance exercise on the inhibitory executive function in younger adults and the planning function in middle-aged adults; exercise done at moderate intensity evidences the greatest results for this population. In older adults, acute exercise done at light and moderate intensity facilitates stimulus evaluation time. Moreover, a dose-response was found in special populations in relation to executive functions following acute exercise, even when performed without intensity. The present review finally notes a shortage of prior research, and suggests that future research should consider the index of intensity, the sample size, the category of executive function, and the biochemical indicators.

並列關鍵字

duration ； intensity ； event-related potentials ； biochemical indicators

參考文獻

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