重構創傷經驗的書寫療癒：台灣女詩人江文瑜〈木瓜〉詩之慰安婦形象再現

Healings through Reconstructions of Traumatic Experiences in Poetry: The Representation of Comfort Women in ＂Papaya,＂ a Poem of Chiang Wen-yu, Taiwanese Female Poet

李癸雲(Lee, Kuei-yun)

《臺灣文學學報》 32期 (2018/06) Pp. 1-22

https://doi.org/10.30381/BTL.201806_(32).0001

摘要

江文瑜的〈木瓜〉一詩是台灣現代詩裡罕見以詩為慰安婦阿嬤代言的文學作品。本文論證江文瑜以詩再現「慰安婦」創傷，一方面能將創傷賦義轉化，讓慰安婦故事進入社會認納的層次，減輕恐怖真實的侵擾，重構創傷主體與世界的連結。同時，文學成為一種記憶歷史創傷的公共論述，對於主流的歷史敘述而言，多元而異質的慰安婦創傷故事加入，更可產生質疑大歷史因民族、權力或性別問題而「消費」慰安婦的存在，或為了便利性或曖昧性而剝除慰安婦的歷史位置。此外，江文瑜的再現是從被殖民者女性的立場書寫她們的個人生命史，也從女性角度重新看宏大的歷史事件，同時具備庶民史、女性、被殖民者的觀點，其書寫成效在於「建構女性的史觀」。

關鍵字

江文瑜 ； 慰安婦 ； 創傷經驗 ； 書寫療癒

並列摘要

Chiang Wen-yu's ＂Papaya＂ is a rare modern poem which expresses comfort women's affections in Taiwan. This paper explicates that the representation of comfort women's trauma through poetry is able to transform the significance of trauma into signifiers and then make these women's stories be recognized by the society as well as decrease the harassment of horrific reality. Hence, the connection between the suffering subject and the world is reconstructed. In fact, literature is a public discourse of historic traumas. The diverse stories of comfort women can query that if the mainstream history deprives the historical position of these women because of nations, powers, or genders. Moreover, Chiang Wen-yu wrote their life history from the standpoint of colonized females. In other words, Chiang inspected the important historical event from the viewpoint of plebeians, females, as well as the colonized, and thus the effect of her work is ＂constructing the female historical viewpoint.＂

並列關鍵字

Chiang Wen-Yu ； comfort women ； traumatic experiences ； writing healing

參考文獻

彭仁郁(2012)。進入公共空間的私密創傷：台灣「慰安婦」的見證敘事作為療癒場景。文化研究。14，135-192。

劉冠妏、黃宗堅(2006)。創傷與復原：隱喻故事在心理治療中的運用。諮商與輔導。250，22-27。

簡瑛瑛、賴孟君(2009)。生命書寫與藝術再現：從阿烏到依布的台灣原住民女性創作。政大民族學報。28，101-130。

黃心雅(2012)。創傷與文學書寫。英美文學評論。20，5-9。

朝鮮中央通訊社網站的統計資料，（來源：http://www.awf.or.jp/e1/facts-07.html，2017 年10 月10 日）