男人的名字和女人的名字：以「國家考試金榜題名錄」中民國六十五年至七十四年考試及格人員為例

Men' Names and Women' Names: A Case Study of the Names of Examinees Who Passed Government-Employee Examination in the Years from 1965 to 1974

李廣均(Kuang-Chun Li)

《女學學誌：婦女與性別研究》 13期 (2002/05) Pp. 219-260

https://doi.org/10.6255/JWGS.2002.13.219

摘要

本文主旨是探討造成男女名字差異的文化與社會機制，剖析名字與性別之間的理論意涵。研究問題有二：第一，男人的名字和女人的名字有那些差異？第二，兩性名字的差異和性別角色、性別階層有何關連？本文發現，男人的名字和女人的名字的確很不一樣，主要表現在字庫、集中程度、意象三方面。第一，男女有著幾乎完全不一樣的字庫。從本文所使用的分析資料發現，在前四十個最常出現的次名單字裡，男女的共用字只有一個。其次，男女次名單字的集中程度並不一樣。男人的名字重複性低、內在變異性大，女人的名字重複性高、內在變異性小。第三，男女名字各有不同的意象。男人的名字表現了對於個人品德學識和家國事務的重視，女人的名字則以感官化和飾物化為主。兩性名字的差異印證了現實生活中男女有別的性別角色，強化了男尊女卑的價值觀念。簡言之，名字並不是一種客觀中立的辨識標記，而是一種經過建構的分類和社會差異。

關鍵字

名字 ； 差異 ； 性別角色 ； 社會建構

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to explore the cultural and social mechanism behind gender difference in names and, in doing so, to understand the theoretical linkage between name and gender. Two research questions steer this study. First, how are men’s names different from women’s names? Second, how is gender difference in names related to sex role and sex stratification? The findings are summarized as follows. Men’s names and women’s names differ in terms of character bank, degree of concentration and image. First, men’s names and women’s names come from separate character bank. According to the data used in this study, among the 40 most frequently used second-name-characters by men and women, there is only one character in common. Second, the degrees of concentration of men’s and women’s second-name-characters are different. While men’s names feature low recurrences, the recurrences of women’s names are comparatively high. Third, men’s names and women’s names are characteristic of distinct images. Men’s names show emphasis on individual success, morality, knowledge, family and public affairs. Women’s names are restricted to the scope of decorative objects and physical senses. It is concluded that gender difference in names reinforces sex role and strengthen sexist value. In short, name is more than a mark for interpersonal exchanges, but a value-loaded category created under social construction.

並列關鍵字

name ； gender difference ； sex role ； social construction

參考文獻

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