《列子》歸墟五山神話之寓意探析

《列子》不僅保存了許多珍貴的中國神話，而且對神話加以改造，藉以表達道家思想。本文比對《列子》與其他典籍對「渤海仙島」的記載發現，《列子》對渤海仙島神話傳說的踵事增華，其實蘊含著道家的宇宙生成論，應以「寓言」視之。本文在中國神話及道家思想研究的基礎上，酌參當代概念隱喻與意象基模理論，針對《列子》五神山寓言中的意象和隱喻進行探析，以期解明此寓言涉及的重要概念：（一）「大壑」與「五山」－「道」與「物」的隱喻，（二）巨龜負山－「定位」與「秩序」的隱喻，（三）員、岱二山流於北極，沉於大海－「循環」與「回歸」的隱喻。盼藉由寓言故事與意象喻意的詮釋，使深奧隱晦的道家哲理成為生動活潑、易明白、可親近的作品。

關鍵字

《列子》；歸墟神山；道家寓言；隱喻；意象基模理論

並列摘要

The Book of Liezi not only preserved many Chinese myths and legends, but also added adaptations to these ancient tales to illustrate Daoist thought. Therefore, the Liezi's fantastic accounts may be read as parables. Based on the study of Chinese mythology and Daoist philosophy, and with reference to contemporary theories of conceptual metaphor and image schemas, this paper analyses major metaphors in the Liezi's parable of Five Sacred Mountains in the Bo Sea: First, the grand ravine and the five mountains-metaphors of the Dao and myriad things; Second, giant turtles bearing the mountains-the symbol of immobilization and order; Third, the mountains drifting to the North and sinking in the sea: the cycle image and the eternal return. I hope through this paper to expound the hidden meanings in Daoist metaphors, and to present how the Liezi's parable turns the abstract thought of Daoism into a more lively, visible and approachable work.

並列關鍵字

The Liezi ； the myth of Guixu ； Daoist parable ； metaphor ； image schema theory

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《列子》歸墟五山神話之寓意探析

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