Three Factors Affecting CSL Learners' Strategy Use of Chinese Comforting: Power, Severity, and Situation Type

影響華語二語學習者的中文安慰言語行為之三大變因：權力、事件嚴重度、情境類型

葉惠真(Stephanie Hui-Chen YEH) ； 陳純音(Chun-Yin Doris CHEN)

《華語文教學研究》 16卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 1-49

摘要

The present study aims to investigate the perception and production of Chinese comforting strategies by English and Japanese learners of Chinese as a second language (CSL) under the three manipulation factors: power, severity, and situation types. A total of 12 English and 17 Japanese intermediate CSL learners together with 20 Chinese controls were recruited to complete two tasks (i.e., an effectiveness evaluation task and an oral discourse completion task. The results indicated that the three experimental factors exerted their influence to differing degrees: situation types were found most influential followed by severity and power. In addition, there were indeed discrepancies between the subjects' perception and production of comforting strategies. Moreover, it was found that the intercultural variations played a part during the acquisition process of the comforting act.

關鍵字

comforting strategy ； second language acquisition ； speech act ； teaching Chinese as a second language

並列摘要

本研究旨在探討以華語為第二語言的英語與日語學習者對中文安慰策略的有效度判斷以及使用情形，並驗證不同操縱變因（如：權力、事件嚴重度及情境類型）對安慰策略的影響程度。研究對象共為十二名英語和十七名日語的中級華語學習者以及二十名華語母語者作為對照組，參與本研究的兩項測驗：一為有效度判斷，二為口頭完成情境對話。研究發現，三個變因對安慰策略的影響不等：情境類型影響最大，其次是事件嚴重程度以及被慰者的權力高低。此外，亦發現研究對象對安慰策略有效度判斷與實際策略使用間確實存在影響差異。而且，跨文化差異仍存在於安慰策略的學習中。

並列關鍵字

第二語言習得 ； 言語行為 ； 安慰策略 ； 對外華語教學

參考文獻

Applegate, James L. 1978. Four Investigation of the Relationship between Social Cognitive and Person-centeredness Regulative and Interpersonal Communication. Illinois: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Ph.D. dissertation.

Applegate, James L. 1980. Adaptive communication in educational contexts. Communication Education 29: 158-170

Aspy, David N. 1975. Empathy: Let’s get the hell on with it. Counseling Psychologist 5: 10-14.

Bergman, Marc L., and Gabriele Kasper. 1993. Perception and performance in native and nonnative apology. Interlanguage Pragmatics, ed. by Gabriele Kasper and Shoshana Blum-Kulka, 82-107. New York: Oxford University Press.

Blum-Kulka, Shoshana, and Elite Olshtain. 1984. Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP). Applied Linguistics 5: 196-213.