探討醫療工作者之人口特性、病人安全態度與行為：以中部某區域教學醫院為例

Examining the Demographic Characteristics and Patient Safety Attitudes and Behaviors of Healthcare Professionals: A Case Study of a Regional Teaching Hospital in Central Taiwan

王美玲(Mei-Ling Wang) ； 黃懷萱(Huai-Xuan Huang) ； 李怡慶(Yii-Ching Lee) ； 黃元韻(Yuan-Yun Huang)

《澄清醫護管理雜誌》 15卷2期 (2019/04) Pp. 17-29

摘要

目的：近年來，「病人安全」已成為社會大眾重視的醫療品質議題，醫院也致力於提升員工的病人安全態度，但是醫療工作者對病人安全所抱持的態度，是否與其展現出來的病人安全行為有關？本研究希望探討醫療工作者的病人安全態度對行為之影響，以及不同人口特性的醫療工作者在病人安全態度及行為之差異。方法：本研究採用問卷調查法，以中部某區域教學醫院之醫療工作者（包括醫師、護理人員、醫事人員）為研究對象，共發放810份問卷，回收且有效問卷為342份。為了驗證假設，採用驗證性因素分析、信度分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森相關分析及多元迴歸分析等統計方法。結果：不同人口特性（性別、主管職務、專業職類、單位服務年資）的醫療工作者，其病人安全態度具有差異。不同人口特性（接觸病人頻率、單位服務年資）的醫療工作者，其病人安全行為具有差異。醫療工作者的病人安全態度之「工作滿意」，對其病人安全行為具有正向影響。結論：本研究結果不僅為病人安全相關研究提供實證貢獻，也有助於醫院、醫療品質部門瞭解不同人口特性醫療工作者的病人安全態度、行為及其關聯性，以做為推動及改善病人安全制度及方案之參考。

關鍵字

醫療工作者 ； 病人安全態度 ； 病人安全行為

並列摘要

Purposes: ＂Patient safety＂, as a medical quality issue, has recently attracted substantial attention from the public. In addition, hospitals are also committed to improving the safety attitude of their employees. However, the relationship between safety attitudes of healthcare professionals and their patient safety behavior remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of healthcare professionals' patient safety attitudes on their behaviors, and to examine the differences in the patient safety attitudes and behaviors of healthcare professionals with different demographic characteristics. Methods: Questionnaires were used with healthcare professionals (including physicians, nurses, and medical personnel) from a regional teaching hospital in Central Taiwan. A total of 810 questionnaires were distributed and 342 valid questionnaires were recovered. Data were analyzed using a confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Healthcare professionals with different sex, supervisory roles, professional fields, and work experience exhibited differences in patient safety attitudes. Similarly, those with different frequency of patient contact and work experience showed different patient safety behaviors. In addition, job satisfaction, a dimension of patient safety attitude, positively affected patient safety behaviors. Conclusions: This study not only makes an empirical contribution to research on patient safety, but also helps hospitals and medical quality departments to understand healthcare professionals' patient safety attitudes, behaviors, and their correlation, with special reference to different demographic characteristics. This study can be used as a reference to promote and improve the patient safety system and to develop appropriate intervention programs.

並列關鍵字

Healthcare professional ； Patient safety attitude ； Patient safety behavior