視覺訊息和知覺–行動配連方式在判斷桌球落點方向之應用

Visual information and perception-action coupling in judging the table tennis directions

湯鳴遠(Ming-Yuan Tang) ； 張智惠(Chih-Hui Chang) ； 楊梓楣(Chih-Mei Yang)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 17卷1期 (2017/05) Pp. 77-90

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT2017.1701.05

摘要

目的：本研究探討視覺訊息和知覺-行動配連程度對判斷桌球正拍平擊發球方向準確性之影響。方法：透過高速攝影機 (120Hz) 和一般攝影機 (60Hz) 拍攝 2 位男性大專公開組選手之正拍平擊發球動作的 2D 影像和光點(point-light) 影像，並以影像處理軟體將兩種影片剪輯成相同幅數之影像，而真實情境則由示範者進行正拍平擊發球；以上視覺訊息內容的呈現皆從示範者的準備開始至正拍平擊發球瞬間。30 位大專體育系男學生 (24.87 ± 3.22 歲) 為參與者，以預備姿勢和固定坐姿觀察光點影像、2D 影像、和真實情境，並依據示範者之正拍平擊發球動作判斷來球落點方向。以判斷準確性百分比為依變項進行單一樣本t 考驗，檢驗參與者之判斷是否為猜測。結果：顯示其判斷準確性皆大於機率50%，表示參與者非以猜測的方式判斷來球方向，參與者以平均達75.70 %的準確率判斷來球方向。3 (視覺訊息) × 2 (知覺-行動配連方式) 二因子相依樣本變異數分析之結果在交互作用及主要效果皆無顯著差異。結論：影像與2D 影像所呈現的肢段點動作與二維空間影像相同，皆提供豐沛的訊息，讓參與者足以判斷來球方向。此外，參與者雖採低配連程度的固定坐姿，但因有回擊的動作，使其不至於完全未配連而有助於判斷準確性。

關鍵字

光點 ； 真實情境 ； 生態心理學

並列摘要

Purpose: The present study investigated the effects of visual information and perception-action coupling levels for judging accuracy on the directions of table tennis forehand topspin serves. Method: A high-speed camera (120Hz) and a regular camera (60Hz) were used to film two expert table tennis athletes’ forehand topspin serve and the materials were edited by image processing software to form 2D films and point-light films. Two athletes performed the forehand topspin serve in the live situation. All the visual information showed action from preparedness to ball-paddle contact. Thirty Physical Education major students (24.87 ± 3.22 years), all males, were recruited as participants. They observed the point-light film, 2D film, and live situation with prepared stance and fixed sitting. According to both athletes’ performances, participants were required to judge the directions of each serve. Simple t test was used to examine whether the participants judged the landing direction by guess. Results: The results indicated that the participants' accuracy in judgments of landing directions (75.70%) were more than the 50% probability. The 3 (visual information) × 2 (perception-action coupling) two-way repeated measures ANOVA showed no significant interaction and main effects. Conclusion: The point-light film and 2D film displayed the movement of body segment similar to the live situation, which provided participants with ample information to judge landing directions. Besides, although participants employed the fixed sitting to make judgment they were allowed to do a return action, a non-complete uncoupling action, which might be beneficial to the accuracy of judgment.

並列關鍵字

point-light ； live situation ； ecological psychology

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