老人與年輕人靜態平衡及最快走路速度的步態變異

Static Balance and Gait Variability in Fastest Speed Walking of Elderly and Young Adults

陳冠翰(Guan-Han Chen) ； 朱真儀(Chen-Yi Chu) ； 林貴福(Kuei-Fu Lin)

《運動生理暨體能學報》 25輯 (2017/12) Pp. 1-8

https://doi.org/10.6127/JEPF.2017.25.01

摘要

目的：比較老人與年輕人的靜態平衡及最快走路速度時的步態變異。方法：以女性健康老人與年輕人各53名為參與者，先站於測力板上開眼單足立15秒，利用公式轉換成擺動軌跡長度與擺動面積，作為靜態平衡的指標。後續配戴三軸加速規監測10公尺最快走路速度的加速度，將所得資料轉換成步態變異。資料處理以獨立樣本t考驗，比較老人與年輕人靜態平衡及三軸步態變異的差異，統計水準定為α = .05。結果：老人的擺動軌跡長度、擺動面積及三軸的步態變異皆顯著大於年輕人，其中，前後軸的步態變異衰退率較大。結論：證實老人站立時的平衡能力較年輕人差，最快走路時，三軸的步態變異都較年輕人大，但前後軸衰退率較大，推論可能是肌力退化所致。

關鍵字

測力板 ； 三軸加速規 ； 步態穩定性

並列摘要

Purpose: Compared the static balance and gait variability in fastest speed walking between elderly and young adults. Methods: Fifty-three healthy female participants were recruited in each of the elderly or young group. Every participant was required to stand on the force plate for fifteen seconds with one leg and eyes opened. Collected data were converted into traveling distance and area of oscillation via proper equation to serve as indicators of static balance. Triaxial accelerometer was put on to record the accelerations during 10-m fastest speed walking test, and the data were then converted into gait variability. Independent t-test was used to compare the differences of static balance and gait variability in three axes during walking test between elderly and young adults. Significant level was set at α = .05. Results: The traveling distance and area of oscillation and gait variability in 3 axes in elders were significantly greater than the younger group. Besides, the decline rate of gait variability in sagittal plane was more obvious. Conclusion: This study indicated that compared to the younger adults, the elders had worse balance capability in standing, and greater gait variability in three axes during fastest speed walking. Furthermore, the more significant decline rate in sagittal plane might be due to muscular degeneration.

並列關鍵字

force plate ； triaxial accelerometer ； gait stability

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