大量傷病患事故的後送管理－以八仙樂園粉塵爆燃事故為例

A Study on the Evacuation Management of the Mass Casualty Incident - Case Study on the Formosa Fun Coast Dust Burning

曾瑞曲(J. C. Tseng) ； 林主航(C. H. Lin) ； 吳榮平(Z. P. Wu)

《危機管理學刊》 15卷1期 (2018/03) Pp. 31-44

https://doi.org/10.6459/JCM.201803_15(1).0004

摘要

大量傷病患事故（MCI）發生後的初期事故現場，極可能面臨救護車、醫護人員（器材裝備）等緊急醫療資源缺乏、對外連絡道路有限及救護車專屬後送道路不夠的情形。因此，若能透過現場檢傷，將有立即生命風險的重傷患者優先後送就醫，對於他們的存活及預後復原情形將有決定性的影響。本研究針對2015年八仙塵燃傷患後送醫療院所及轉院等情形，發現現場雖有對傷患進行檢傷，但是為了儘快清空事故現場，採取了混合不同檢傷程度傷患進行後送，造成部分急救責任醫院急診室被傷患擠爆。本研究建議將地區級DMAT納管及分派責任區，當發生MCI時即逕自投入事故現場救災，並引導傷患循既有急救責任醫院的分級制來後送，使不同等級的傷患得以獲得最適合的醫療照護，並建議建立消防、衛生與醫療院所間共同應變之演練機制，使MCI之實際應變得以更加完善。

關鍵字

大量傷病患事故 ； 八仙塵燃 ； 災害醫療救護隊

並列摘要

Several common problems often present themselves immediately after a mass casualty incident (MCI), such as the lack of medical resources (ambulances, medical staff, and medical equipment), low accessibility and absence of priority roads for ambulances. Yet at the same time, patient prognoses are significantly underpinned by the ability of medical staff to swiftly identify and transport priority patients to hospitals. This study focuses on the 2015 Formosa Fun Coast Dust Burning incident in terms of patient transportation to and between hospitals. In terms of sudden mass casualty incidents (SMCIs), those requiring longer processing time should be addressed by regional disaster medical assistant teams (RDMATs) while those requiring shorter processing time can be excluded from the EMRC. This study also suggests the inclusion of RDMAT management and area assignment to RDMATs so that they can provide on-site assistance and transport patients to the right hospitals that reflect the patient priority mechanisms in responsibility hospitals of first aid. This can also help build a system between the fire department, health department and hospitals for the betterment of MCI relief efforts.

並列關鍵字

Mass Casualty Incident ； Formosa Fun Coast Dust Burning ； Disaster Medical Assistant Team

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