颱風對我國港埠威脅之分析與管理策略

全球暖化情況嚴重，造成極端氣候，颱風有愈來愈大的趨勢，港埠的管理者和營運業者，應瞭解颱風來襲時重創港埠的風險因素特性並加以管理之，以降低颱風來襲時重創港埠的損失。本研究經由風險管理流程，對颱風來襲時重創港埠的風險因素進行辨識與衡量，再根據學理與實務狀況，提出適當的風險管理策略建議。首先，經由文獻探討與專家訪談，擬定二個風險構面及十個風險因素。其次，透過問卷進行風險分析與衡量，經實證調查結果顯示，風險值最高前三名為「因全球暖化導致颱風強度有變大的趨勢」、「風力太強超過機具負荷強度」、「消波塊無準確放置」，三者皆屬於實質風險。最後依據風險因素特性，研提風險策略供台灣港務公司及業者參考，以有效管理颱風對我國港埠威脅的各種風險因素。

關鍵字

颱風；港埠；風險管理

並列摘要

Global warming causes extreme weather result in typhoons are an increasingly growing trend. In order to reduce the losses of ports while typhoon strikes Taiwan, the manager and operators of ports should be aware of these risks and take actions to manage them. In this study, the authors first constructed a list with two risk categories and ten risk factors through literature reviews and interviews with experts. Subsequently, this research conducted questionnaire to survey opinions regarding these risk factors. The result shows that physical risk is the most significant risk category. The top three key risks for the losses while typhoon strikes Taiwan, are 'global warming causes extreme weather result in typhoons are an increasingly growing trend', 'the wind is too strong to exceed the load of the machine', 'the armor blocks is not placed accurately'. All these three risk factors are in the category of physical risks. Finally, we provided some concluding remarks and proposed advice to all risk factors for the manager and operators of ports to reduce the loss of ports while typhoon strikes Taiwan.