環境中藥品廢棄物殘留的危害與因應－以引入循環經濟概念為例

The Hazards of Pharmaceutical Waste Residues to the Environment and A Proposed Remedy: The Concept of Circular Economy to Address Drug Waste Pollution as an Example

林宜君(Y. J. Lin) ； 陳澤生(T. S. Chen)

《危機管理學刊》 17卷2期 (2020/09) Pp. 91-99

https://doi.org/10.6459/JCM.202009_17(2).0008

摘要

台灣醫療保健制度在世界中名列前茅，全民健康保險可以確保台灣人民得到適當的護理和健康維護。只是在這樣的方便背後，也產生民眾因為就醫方便與藥價低廉，出現重複就醫或是大量領藥的現象。過量領用的藥物，若在廢棄階段未經處理即排放至環境中，會造成土壤、地表水體、地下水體與飲水的汙染風險。國內現有污水處理或自來水處理設備，只能處理傳統污染物，對藥品化合物卻無能為力。殘留在水中的的藥物如果進入食物鏈中，長期下來會危害國人的健康狀況。在這項研究中，我們將引入循環經濟（Circular economy）概念來設計模型，建構“特約廢棄藥物回收藥局”，將未使用且包裝良好的藥物回收給製藥廠，減少廢棄藥物對環境的污染。回收藥局將由授權的專業藥師負責判別和回收藥物。

關鍵字

循環經濟 ； 廢棄藥物管理 ； 藥物汙染 ； 產品生命週期 ； 回收機制

並列摘要

Taiwan's health care system is among the top ranked in the world. By providing a compulsory program (National Health Insurance) to all residents, it ensures the proper care and health maintenance of the entire population. The drug program ＂NHI Pharma Cloud System＂ implemented to all that are enrolled allows all physicians and pharmacists a real-time access to the prescribed drug history of a given patient. Although such program reduces the potential multi-prescription of same medication, safeguards from overdosing and reduces costs, there are still concerns of environmental risks associated with unsafe disposal of drug that can contaminate the water supply of the country. Such contamination can lead to potential health risks. In this study, we will discuss a model to enable a ＂greener pharmacy＂ concept to reduce drug pollution into the environment. This will consist of implementing programs where disposal and recycling of all drugs are handled by authorized professionals. The outcome of such programs will allow for a circular economy approach of drug recovery.

並列關鍵字

Circular economy ； Medical waste management ； Drug pollution ； Product life cycle ； Recycling mechanism

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