Morphological and Cellular Changes in Rice Roots (Oryza Sativa L.) Caused by Al Stress

鋁離子在水稻根所引起的形態上及細胞內之變化

Idioleidys Alvarez ； Ofelia Sam ； Inés Reynaldo ； Pilar Testillano ； María del Carmen Risueño ； Marta Arias

《Botanical Studies》 53卷1期 (2012/01) Pp. 67-73

摘要

鋁金屬離子之毒害在酸性土壤中嚴重地限制了作物之生產量；而此毒性主要係經由根部發作。本文之目的乃探討鋁離子對水稻根部之形態及細胞構造所造成之傷害。我們使用不同濃度之三氯化鋁來探討危害之程度。根冠部位是以逐步低溫法 （PLT） 及 Lowycril 樹脂處理；如此一來試樣可被切除。經染色之切片以Zeiss 光學顯微鏡外接數位相片來檢視並照像。根部之延伸程度經鋁離子處理後會減少，同時根會變形。在表皮細胞及皮層細胞可檢測到若干構造上之改變。減少之長度伴隨著橫軸向之膨脹；此乃源於不同型之細胞的延展過程受到阻害。同時也觀察到加厚之細胞壁及液泡大小之增加。以上之結果提供證據說明水稻根部細胞受到足以導致傷害之鋁離子之影響後所產生的構造上之改變及形態上之變化；此乃我們實驗室所觀測到的。

關鍵字

鋁 ； 水稻 ； 根部細胞 ； 構造之改變

並列摘要

Aluminium toxicity significantly limits crop productivity in acid soils and its effects are primarily root-related. The aim of this paper was to study the effects of aluminium on the morphology and cell structure of rice roots. Different AlCl3 levels were employed to impose stress conditions. Apical root segments were processed using a Progressive Low Temperature Method (PLT) and Lowycril resin, so that the samples could be cut. The stained sections were viewed and photographed using a Zeiss Optic microscope with an attached digital camera. Root elongation was reduced in seedlings exposed to Al, accompanied by deformed roots. Some structural changes were detected in epidermal and cortical cells. Reduced length accompanied by radial expansion contributed to cell elongation inhibition in different cellular types. Thickened cell walls and a vacuole size increase were also observed. These results provide evidence of the structural changes provoked in rice root cells by toxic levels of aluminium, as well as the morphological changes observed in Al-stressed rice roots in our laboratory.

並列關鍵字

Aluminium ； Rice ； Root cells ； Structural changes