龍宇純先生的《詩經》學

龍宇純先生讀《詩》首先尊重《詩序》對詩旨的詮釋，以為今人雖可以多元詮《詩》，但不能不知歷代詩經學傳承，一味對舊注作無意義的批評。對於毛《傳》標興，也能從取音取義，探其隱微，賦予物象義和人事義間自然的聯想，注重文學審美，詩意流暢。除了讀《詩》觀點宏通外，尤為難得的是以其小學、子學專長，為《詩經》疑難字詞作解，解決許多前人誤說，或未及注意之處，獲得不少新見。他主張從語文學、聲韻學的觀點讀詩，提出不少理論觀點，採用方法雖不出清儒訓詁考據功夫，但經他長年積學，反覆周密思考，論證嚴謹有據，因而能超越前賢，修正舊說，於《詩經》韻語、疑難詞語訓解，至今學界尚無人能超越他的成就。可惜當前許多研究，跳離文本，漫無止境過度延伸詩義，本文爬梳他的研究成果，彰顯他的研究範式，以小學通經，絕對是精確掌握《詩經》文本的不二法門。

關鍵字

小學；訓詁；詩經；龍宇純

並列摘要

Based on the significance of the Odes interpreted by its preface, Mr. Long Yuchun points out that scholars nowadays, of various approaches, have no authority to make a criticism of traditional annotations without an understanding of the studies of Odes over all the past dynasties. Mr. Long is too well-known for, in the light of the commentary of Mao's version, exploring some hidden messages from the perspectives of pronunciations and origin senses of words appeared in the Odes, and, from an aesthetical point of view, for meaning connection between natural things and human constructions. In addition to these, Mr. Long, who applied some method of xiao xue, including semantics and exegesis, commonly used by scholars in Qing dynasty to his own studies, is also successful not only in explaining words and phrases which never had an accepted interpretation, but in eliminating a great number of problems that confused researchers over the long history of China, to the extent that so far there has been no one who is capable to reach an academic achievement in the area of Odes as high as Mr. Long did. That which are mentioned above constitute the major part of this article, where the point that xiao xue must be the best tool to study the Odes will be justified, as superior to researches prevalent nowadays which tend to attribute too much to the Odes.