電影字幕翻譯之四字成語研究：以《死也要畢業》為例探討

Subtitles Translation-The Four-Character Idioms Study: Analysis from Ghost Graduation

林震宇(Chen-Yu Lin)

《廣譯：語言、文學、與文化翻譯》 11期 (2014/09) Pp. 53-88

https://doi.org/10.30408/LLCT.201409_(11).0003

摘要

電影是文化的重要一環，也是認識一個國家風俗民情與社會現況的主要媒介。近年來在台灣，有越來越多的西語片出現在不同國際影展及影音市場，但對於不熟悉西班牙語的觀眾而言，唯有透過中文字幕才能有效了解影片的內容以及導演所欲傳達之訊息。相較於文學翻譯工作，電影字幕翻譯無論在時間與空間上都有更多的限制，因此對譯者而言，如何在有限的時間與空間內將兩種語言（西班牙文與中文）盡量做到精確無誤的轉換實為一大挑戰。《死也要畢業》是西班牙導演哈維爾．魯伊斯．卡德拉（Javier Ruiz Caldera）於2012年拍攝完成的作品，為近年來西班牙最賣座的喜劇電影之一。本片曾在台灣的戲院播出，之後並由甲上娛樂影音公司發行附有中文字幕的影音光碟。一個成功的翻譯作品除了意義上的精準外，還需要做到流暢易讀且符合目的語本地的文化習俗。筆者觀察出相較於國內其他西語片，該片譯者大量使用了可簡化文字空間以及可以涵蓋文化的對等四字成語。儘管如此，以不同學者的理論配合當時片中的不同情境來分析，可發現這些四字成語的使用有些恰如其分，讓作品增色不少，但有些則仍有進一步討論與改善的空間。

關鍵字

翻譯 ； 電影字幕 ； 文化 ； 《死也要畢業》 ； 四字成語

並列摘要

Film is not only an important part of culture, but also a major media to understand a country's customs, culture and social status. In Taiwan, there are more and more Spanish films in various International Film Festivals and video market in recent years. But for those audiences who are not familiar with Spanish, the only way to understand the film is through Chinese subtitles. Compared to literary translation, subtitling has more limitations in time and space. So for the translator, how to do an accurate translation between two languages is indeed a difficult challenge. Ghost Graduation is one of the best sellers of comedy film in Spain these years. It was directed by Spanish director, Javier Ruiz Caldera, who finished the film in 2012. The film was aired in Taiwanese cinema, and later Applause Entertainment published its video compact disc with Chinese subtitles. The successful translation works are not only required the precise meaning, but easy to read and comply with the local culture and customs of the target language. Compared with other Spanish films in Taiwan, the translator of Ghost Graduation used a lot of four-character idioms to reduce the space of subtitles and to cover the meaning and culture. Although some use of the four-character idioms are appropriate, there is still some room for further discussion and improvement, which is based on different theories from different academics.

並列關鍵字

translation ； subtitles ； culture ； ＂Ghost Graduation＂ ； four-character idioms