不同年齡層游泳選手與一般生軀體肌力與動作控制能力的比較

目的：本研究主要探討國中與大專游泳選手和一般生在軀體肌力與控制能力的差異。方法：研究參與者分為4組，國中與大專游泳選手和一般生每組10位，使用特製之測力裝置來測量研究參與者之軀幹彎曲、後仰及軀幹旋轉等長收縮肌力及使用及本體感覺評估訓練儀測驗軀幹動作控制能力。以二因子變異數分析來比較四組研究參與者在軀體肌力與控制能力各項參數是否有顯著差異。結果：最大肌力除以體重做標準化後之軀幹前彎肌力國中選手與大專選手均較大專一般生強；軀幹後仰肌力國中一般生與大專選手均較大專一般生強；軀幹左、右旋轉肌力選手都較一般生強；軀幹順、逆時針旋轉之控制能力大專生都比國中生能力較好。結論：經過訓練的游泳選手軀幹肌力經標準化之後均比沒有規律運動習慣之一般生強。在軀幹控制能力方面，不論選手或一般生均呈現出神經系統發育成熟的大專生較國中生來的好。

關鍵字

國中生；大專生；核心肌群

並列摘要

Purpose: To explore the differences in trunk muscle strength and movement control ability among junior high school and college level of swimmers and non-swimmers. Methods: Four groups of students participated in this study (junior high school and college level of swimmers and non-swimmers) with 10 students in each group. Isometric trunk muscle strength (flexion, extension, and rotation) was measured with a customized dynamometer. Trunk movement control ability was assessed with a proprioceptive system. Two-way ANOVAs were used to compare the differences in trunk muscle strength and movement control ability among the four groups of participants. Results: Normalized trunk flexion strength in junior high school and college swimmers were stronger than that in college non-swimmers. Normalized trunk extension strength in junior high school non-swimmers and college swimmers were stronger than that in college non-swimmers. Normalized trunk rotation strength in swimmers were stronger than that in non-swimmers. Trunk movement control ability performed in college students were better than that in junior high school students. Conclusion: Swimmers have stronger normalized trunk muscle strength compared to non-swimmers who do not have regular exercise habits. College students with maturer neuromuscular system may have better trunk movement control ability than junior high school students.

並列關鍵字

junior high school ； college ； core muscles

參考文獻

Ezechieli, M., Siebert, C. H., Ettinger, M., Kieffer, O., Weisskopf, M., & Miltner, O. (2013). Muscle strength of the lumbar spine in different sports. Technol Health Care, 21(4), 379-386. doi:10.3233/thc-130739

林惠美、曾國維、陳永盛 (2015)。運動員成長追蹤在訓練科學之運用。大專體育，132，35-43。