以Amicon濃縮管萃取骨骸DNA之研究

Using Amicon Column to Extract Skeletal DNA

黃純英(Tsun-Ying Huang) ； 蔡華生(Hua-Sheng Tsai) ； 鍾芳君(Fang-Chun Chung) ； 徐竹君(Chu-Chun Hsu) ； 賴詠淳(Yung-Chun Lai) ； 陳亮如(Liang-Ju Chen) ； 林俊彥(Chun-Yen Lin)

《台灣法醫學誌》 10卷2期 (2018/12) Pp. 4-14

https://doi.org/10.6134/tjfm.201812_10(2).0002

摘要

骨骼是一般法醫鑑識單位最困難處理檢體之一，由於骨骼結構緻密堅硬，反而成為保護生物DNA最佳場所，亦是人身鑑別的最後希望，正因如此特性，可以協助罹難者找到一條回家的路。骨骼主要是由有機物及無機物所組成，有機物包括骨膠原蛋白及黏多醣體，約占成人骨骼的30～40%，而無機物主要是由骨骼中羥磷灰石（Ca_(10)(PO_4)_6(OH)_2）及磷酸鈣（Ca_3(PO_4)_2）成分所組成，約占成人骨骼的60～70%。一般實驗室係使用ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid（EDTA）螯合劑去除骨骼中鈣及其他礦物成分，經比較有機萃取法與Amicon濃縮管萃取法之後，發現Amicon濃縮管萃取法較佳，其優點說明如下：一、避免汙染；二、品質一致；三、獲得最大DNA萃取量；四、節省時間；五、減少人工操作；六、降低身體傷害風險。總而言之，使用Amicon濃縮管萃取骨骸DNA所呈現的優點均是鑑識人員所關切的課題，正可提供吾輩思考改善方向。Amicon濃縮管萃取法所需的儀器、設備及耗材等，均是一般法醫DNA實驗室常見項目，建置步驟簡單，是值得推薦給有興趣的研究人員參考。

關鍵字

Amicon濃縮管 ； 有機萃取法 ； 脫鈣 ； 骨骸 ； 法醫鑑識

並列摘要

Skeleton is one of the most difficult specimens to extract DNA in forensic laboratory. The structure of bone is dense and hard, so it becomes the best place to preserve DNA. It is also the final hope for human identification. Skeleton consists of organic and inorganic components. Organic components include mucopolysaccharide and collagen, which account for about 30-40% of adult bone. Inorganic components are mainly hydroxyapatite (Ca_(10)(PO_4)_6(OH)_2) and calcium phosphate (Ca_3(PO_4)_2), accounting for about 60-70% of adult bone. The laboratory uses ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to remove calcium and other mineral components in the bone. After comparing the organic extraction method with Amicon concentrating column extraction method, Amicon extraction method is better. The advantages are as follows: (1) avoid contamination, (2) consistent quality, (3) maximum DNA recovery, (4) time saving, (5) reduce manual operation, and (6) reduce the risk of hazard. All in all, the advantages of using Amicon column to extract skeleton DNA are concerned issues of the forensic scientists. The instruments, equipment, and consumables required for Amicon concentrating column extraction method are common items in general forensic DNA laboratory. The manipulation is simple and highly recommended to researchers.

並列關鍵字

Amicon Concentrating Column ； Organic Extraction ； Decalcification ； Skeleton ； Forensic Science

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