毋通予台語越頭無去：對語言管理看台語ê保存kah流失

Don't Turn Your Back on Taiwanese: Language Management and Taiwanese Maintenance and Loss

張學謙(Hak-khiam TIU^n) ； 蘇凰蘭(Huang-Lan SU)

《台語研究》 9卷2期 (2017/09) Pp. 4-30

https://doi.org/10.6621/JTV.201709_9(2).0001

摘要

本土語言流失定定hông譬如做破病tòa院，台語ê症頭較輕干焦leh掛號niāniā。雖然Hô-ló人人口上濟，總是語言仝款流失，最近有人提出「越頭症」來形容台語無容易保存，互相講台語ê爸母，一越頭kah囡仔講話連鞭換講華語。會曉講母語ê人，無kah囡仔講母語，越頭一目，囡仔失去傳承母語ê機會，這款越頭換話講ê策略，是造成母語流失ê重要原因。家庭當做母語保存ê核心場所，家長ê語言管理按怎影響著語言ê保存kah流失是本文beh探討ê議題。本文徛佇家庭語言政策ê角度，分析南部Hô-ló台灣人家庭台語保存kah流失ê狀況，集中討論家庭語言決策ê過程以及家庭語言管理策略。研究發現，南部Hô-ló台灣人家庭常常欠缺有意識ê語言決策kah相關ê語言管理策略，致使華語侵門踏戶，取代母語成為家庭語言，母語無法度世代傳承，成做瀕危語言。語言政策kah語言管理仝款攏要意改變語言行為kah態度。本文建議，家長需要積極參與家庭ê母語語言管理，透過管理規劃，營造家庭母語ê使用環境kah機會，才有法度逆轉語言流失，佇家庭建立台語ê世代傳承。最後本文討論幾種會當促進語言保存ê語言管理策略，同時提出後續台語語言復振ê建議。

關鍵字

家庭語言政策 ； 語言管理 ； 語言保存 ； 語言復振 ； 越頭症

並列摘要

The metaphor of ＂hospitalization＂ is often used to symbolize the degree of language endangerment in Taiwan. Taiwanese (Taigi) comparatively is less severe and ＂treated in an outpatient department,＂ as its users occupy the majority of language population in Taiwan. A new description of the symptom of language shift is ＂Oat-thau-cheng＂ (symptom of turning-head), as a depiction of the improper conduct in which parents talk to each other in Taiwanese but speak with children in Mandarin Chinese. Such undue behavior, as inappropriate family language management, is critical to the loss of the mother tongue. Family is a key domain where a mother tongue is maintained. How parents' family language management takes its toll on mother-tongue maintenance is the main focus of the article. From the perspective of family language management, this article analyzes the maintenance and loss of Taiwanese in southern Holo families, centering on the discussion of family language policy and language management. The research results demonstrate that some southern Holo parents are short of effective family language policies and language managements. The inadequacy of family language policies brings about the potentiality of that Taiwanese is replaced with Mandarin and thus becomes an endangered language. Language policy and management both are highly associated with making changes in language use. Hence, the authors suggest that parents should actively step in to formulate family language plans through which family language environment is established to reverse the language shift. For the promotion of intergenerational transmission of Taiwanese, this article provides several practical alternatives appertaining to the strategies of language maintenance and suggestions on the follow-up of family language revitalization.

並列關鍵字

family language policy ； language management ； language maintenance ； language revitalization ； Oat-thau-cheng

參考文獻

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