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防砂壩拆除對七家灣溪河床質組成變化之探討

Changes in Bed Grain Size Distribution after Dam Removal in Chijiawan Creek

摘要


為了解拆壩對七家灣溪河床質組成變化與影響機制,本研究進行河道地形量測及明坑粒徑採樣,同時蒐集了拆壩前後,共約三年之地形、水文及粒徑採樣資料。研究結果發現,上游1000公尺粒徑分布與水文事件及其隘口地理條件相關,不受拆壩影響。下游1000公尺處明坑採樣位置與上游1000公尺處同樣位於高灘地,拆壩後初期因尚未受拆壩及水文事件影響,粒徑組成沒有明顯變化,直至蘇拉颱風後,粒徑組成才受到拆壩及水文事件影響而明顯細顆粒化。下游500公尺處明坑採樣位置河道周圍環境為一峽谷地形,在拆壩與水文事件影響下,河道逐漸淤積,此採樣點分析結果直接反應上游來砂之粒徑組成情形。整體而言,拆壩造成原本蓄積於上游的泥砂往下游運移,而改變河床既有的地形與泥砂粒徑分布,以探討河床質於時間與空間上之變化,有助於了解七家灣溪拆壩後不同機制下泥砂運移的過程。

並列摘要


This study focused on changes of bed material after dam removal in Chijiawan Creek. We collected the data of bed topography, hydrology, and bulk samples before and after dam removal. We observed the changes in grain size at 1000 m upstream from the dam were relevant to hydrologic events and its morphology, rather than dam removal. Similarly, the site 1000 m downstream from the dam did not show obvious finer in grain size until Typhoon Saola. For the site at 500 m downstream from the dam on the other hand directly reflected the sediment composition released from upstream. As a whole, analysis of the changes of grain size distribution spatially and temporally is helpful to understand how channel evolves.

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