從新聞獎看臺灣新聞記者專業角色（1974-2013）

Reviewing the Professional Roles of Taiwan Journalists from News Awards Conferred 1974-2013

邱家宜(Chia-Yi Chiu)

《傳播研究與實踐》 4卷2期 (2014/07) Pp. 117-173

https://doi.org/10.6123/JCRP.2014.013

摘要

從臺灣幾個主要新聞獎歷屆得獎作品，及得獎者的自我理解書寫中分析發現，2000年以前的臺灣社會，新聞獎的給獎邏輯在新聞專業意理的倡議與鼓吹上是落後於個別記者的專業自覺與社會實踐的；2000年之後，情況卻翻轉過來，透過發掘堅持專業意理或充滿實踐動能的非主流另類媒體及媒體工作者，頒給新聞獎，幫助他們在困難的現實條件中繼續前進。如同行動者在實踐中面對結構限制所經常會出現的緊張與拉扯，2000年之前承載國家政治力下向蔓延機制功能的新聞獎，作為新聞記者所處社會大環境的結構，與記者個人經由新聞教育、草根互動，以及不斷自我反省所醞生的個體實踐行動之間，已經明顯出現緊張與衝突。但這種緊張與衝突，必得等到結構出現鬆動後才能獲得解決。

關鍵字

新聞獎 ； 新聞記者專業 ； 臺灣新聞記者角色變遷 ； 結構限制 ； 管制機制

並列摘要

News awards are meant to promote journalistic professionalism and advocate cherished values or awareness. In reality, however, this might not always be the case. Based on a close study of the conferring of Taiwan's mainstream news awards, such as Zeng Xu-bai News Prize, Golden Tripod Prize, Vivian Wu Prize, Excellency for Journalism Prize, during the period of 1974-2013, this essay shows that the Year 2000 marks a watershed which implies changing professional roles for Taiwan journalists. Before 2000, reasons for conferring these awards actually promoted/advocated little, especially if compared with what got consciously conveyed by those awarded individual journalists in their self-portrait narratives and their respective awarded pieces. After 2000, the scenario began to change, as these awards tended to favor nonmainstream, alternative news media and professionals fighting for journalistic ideals and principles in an increasingly difficult environment. The conferring of news awards thus served as tokens of official supports and encouragements. With this contrast, the author explains the classical tensions between structure and agency as experienced by local journalists in their professional practices. Characterized by their respective socialization process, grass-root engagements and on-going self-reflections as conscious agents, individual journalists were inevitably caught in tensions and conflicts between their professional practices and structural constraints. News awards, being extensions of state political powers, symbolize such top-down structural constraints with specific regulatory mechanisms. The author therefore concludes that, until the structure itself changes and its grip loosened, such tensions would not be truly resolved.

並列關鍵字

news awards ； journalistic professionalism ； changing roles of Taiwan journalist ； structural constraints ； regulatory mechanisms

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