群眾外包災情資訊之評估與檢證―以莫拉克颱風為例

The Evaluation and Verification of Crowdsourcing Disaster Information: Case Studies of Morakot Typhoon in Taiwan

王聖銘(Sheng-Ming Wang)

《災害防救科技與管理學刊》 4卷1期 (2015/03) Pp. 31-48

https://doi.org/10.6149/JDM.2015.0401.02

摘要

隨著網際網路技術及社交網絡的發展，利用群眾外包（crowdsourcing）機制所建立的資訊蒐集及傳遞的平臺，衍生出新型態的應用與發展。於災害發生時，災害資訊也透過社交網路平臺的應用，建立另類的災害資訊群眾外包的機制。然而，透過網路虛擬社群所分享的災害資訊是否精確，能否提供政府部門作為災害即時應變的參考，則是值得探討的問題。本研究分析並擷取臺灣於2009年發生莫拉克颱風時，主要災害資訊分享社群網站所建構的重大災害事件資訊內容，經過整理、比對與分析，評估與檢證災害資訊群眾外包之資訊品質。本研究的結果顯示，整合群眾外包機制所發展的災害資訊虛擬社群所提供的災害資訊內容，其與實際災情的呈現有其顯著性。本研究也建議政府防救災專責機構，除了專業災害防救資訊管理與決策支援系統的發展與應用外，若也能於平時便投入專業社群網絡的經營，建立其虛擬社群，則於災害發生時，將可建立多元化的災害資訊蒐集管道，增進災害應變的效率。

關鍵字

災害資訊 ； 群眾外包 ； 虛擬社群 ； 關連性 ； 社群網絡

並列摘要

The development of crowdsourcing mechanism, which is built by virtual communities and social networks platform, is now providing alternative channels for disaster information collection and dissemination in disaster events. However, it is very important to evaluate and verify the quality and information relevance of the data collected by using crowdsourcing mechanism before it can be used. In this paper, case study results by using the data collected from the Typhoon Morakot in Taiwan show that the disaster information upload to the crowdsourcing platform by virtual community is significant in its relevance to the disaster situation. We suggest that, in additional to developing professional decision support system for disaster management, government agencies should also collaborate with disaster information crowdsourcing virtual communities to buildup multiple channels for disaster information collection, dissemination, management and decision-making.

並列關鍵字

Disaster information ； Crowdsourcing ； Virtual community ； Information relevance ； Social network

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