The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in Yunlin elementary school senior students' computer game use behavior and participation motivation in terms of academic achievement and background variables. The number of recovery questionnaires was 1,155 and the effective recovery rate was 89.5%. In view of the lack of researches for such issues in Yunlin County, the Pearson Chi-square homogeneity test and analysis of variance were used to conduct a series of basic data analyses on questionnaire data. The findings included: (a) Students who are with different gender and different academic achievement had significant differences in computer game use behavior and participation motivation; (b) The interaction of guardian management method and gender on academic achievement was significant, which means the effects of guardian management method on academic achievement would dependent on gender.