建構虛擬實境教材品質確保之評估指標

Development of Quality Assurance Criteria for Evaluating VR Digital Materials

徐新逸(Shyu, Hsin-Yih) ； 郭盈芝(Kuo, Ying-Chih)

《教育傳播與科技研究》 123期 (2020/08) Pp. 1-19

https://doi.org/10.6137/RECT.202008_(123).0001

摘要

虛擬實境（virtual reality, VR）技術在教育應用之相關研究自1990年至2019年Scopus資料庫文獻數量逐年遽增，顯示VR融入教育漸趨普及被重視。然而，VR教材的品質缺乏一致性標準。本研究藉由分析目前已發表的VR教材相關文獻，據此為初稿後，再以「層級分析法」（analytic hierarchy process, AHP）進行調查研究，探討所有相關指標並以簡單層次架構呈現，用以獲取整體脈絡後加以綜合評估，進而以數值顯示出各層面、項目及指標之優先次序與權重，歸納成4大面向、8向度、31個檢核項目，找出影響問題決策的評估指標及權重值。研究對象為9位具有VR教材開發、設計或使用之專家，結果顯示：「教學設計」面向重要性最高，總權重達40.4%。在所有的檢核項目中，重要性最高的前5項依序為「內容主題具正確性」、「學習任務能幫助學習者熟悉學習目標的內容」、「學習任務有提供適當的探索機會」、「學習任務有提供適當的挑戰機會」及「學習者能有效控制學習任務的進行」，這些應視之為優質VR教材的必要項目。文末，本文提供各項檢核項目的重要性排序及權重，作為開發VR教材者之參考依據，亦可提供教育工作者採用VR教材時的指引。

關鍵字

品質確保 ； 教材設計 ； 教材評估指標 ； 虛擬實境 ； 層級分析法

並列摘要

Studies on the application of virtual reality (VR) technology in education have increased from 1990 to 2019 in the Scopus database, indicating that the integration of VR into education has become increasingly popular. However, VR instructional materials seem to lack consistent standards and quality assurance criteria. In this study, we collected and analyzed the VR textbooks published so far, developed the first draft, and then employed analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to identify all relevant indicators and present them in a simple hierarchical structure to obtain the overall context. Thereafter, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation and obtained the priority and weights of all levels, aspects, and indicators with specific values that were summed into 4 aspects, 8 dimensions, and 31 criteria items. Subsequently, the evaluation indicators and weight values that affected decision-making were identified. The sample population comprised nine experts with expertise in the development, design, and use of VR digital materials. The results revealed that with a total weight of 40.4%, instructional design was the most important aspect. The top five most important criteria items that can serve as necessary design principles for creating VR digital materials were as follows: the correctness of content topics, learning tasks that can familiarize learners with the learning objectives, learning tasks that can offer appropriate exploration opportunities, appropriately challenging learning tasks, and learners being able to effectively control the progress of learning tasks. The weight of each criteria item can be used as a reference for the developers of VR digital materials and as a guide for educators to implement VR digital materials in their instruction.

並列關鍵字

Quality assurance ； Instructional material design ； Material evaluation indicators ； Virtual reality ； Analytical hierarchy process

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