在民航運輸業快速發展的今天,持續增長的客運量使得第一線員工的工作負荷不斷增加。為增進飛航安全水準,國際間的民航組織自2000年之後便逐漸醞釀如何以系統性且多層次的防禦方式,來管理與維護飛航安全。繼安全管理系統(SMS)後,國際民航組織(ICAO)高度重視與推行之系統性防禦方式為疲勞風險管理系統(FRMS)。因此,本研究以國內民航業為重心,以航空公司與第一線飛航人員為對象,目的在從學術面了解國內飛航疲勞管理相關之文獻,以及實務面上訪談國內航空公司目前對於疲勞安全管理以及疲勞風險管理系統之建構現況。透過文獻回顧與訪談,研究發現國外航空業發達國家的疲勞管理系統正逐步建立,不過國內航空界常見的疲勞管理方法仍較著重於依循工時相關規定及員工個人之疲勞因應與主動報告,透過限制第一線員工的休息時間和工作時數來避免疲勞,對疲勞風險之控管有限,較缺乏系統性之疲勞管理機制,疲勞管理政策與觀念仍有加強空間。
With the rapid growth of air transport industry, crew members' workload is also increasing in general. In order to maintain safety standard, international aviation organizations have been proposing the systemic approaches containing multilayers to actively manage hazards with the potential to impact safety. Fatigue is one of the possible hazards that the SMS should consider. One of distinct methods for managing fatigue that ICAO support is a performance-based approach that requires the service provider to implement a Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS) that is approved by the State. As such, this research aims to investigate the literature relating with fatigue management as well as empirically, current airline fatigue management in Taiwan. It is found that while some countries have developed the structured and predictive fatigue management system, safety regulations and management still mainly involve flight and duty time limits, personal fatigue countermeasures and reporting mechanism to avoid crew fatigue in Taiwan. Suggestions of data-driven, multi-layered defensive strategies to manage fatigue-related are made accordingly.
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