國內外體適能檢測項目比較研究

吳伊婷 ； 蔡俊賢

《高師大體育》 12期 (2014/07) Pp. 46-57

https://doi.org/10.6305/PENKNU.2014.12.4

摘要

本文比較美國、日本、中國及臺灣之體適能檢測項目，各國體適能檢測項目與評估要素包含身體組成、柔軟度、肌肉適能、心肺適能、敏捷性及瞬發力。各國實施之體適能檢測項目，因國情及體適能發展階段而異。結果如下：1.美國利用FITNESSGRAM管理系統，使體適能測驗更為先進與完善。2.中國增加球類及跳繩之檢測項目，檢測內容屬於運動技術層面，較傾向競技體適能，雖涵蓋範圍廣，但檢測方式不易，過程標準化難度高，測驗設備與場地難以齊全，測驗需長時間亦耗費人力。3.日本將屬「敏捷性」納入檢測項目當中。日本與中國兩國皆有「握力」測驗項目。4.臺灣所對應的評估要素明確但評估要素涵蓋範圍較小，且除了臺灣以外，其他三個國家皆有選測項目。建議：我國可參考其他各國所實施之檢測項目，將握力納入檢測項目，測驗實施簡便，與健康亦有重要關聯性；評估心肺耐力在場地較易受限制，建議可增加「選測項目」，經過研究與常模建立，讓施測單位可因應場地及施測對象彈性調整，使我國體適能檢測項目更具有代表性亦更加完善。

關鍵字

體適能 ； 體適能檢測

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to compare physical fitness test items of America, Japan, China and Taiwan. Each country's physical fitness test items and its measure elements involve Body composition, flexibility, muscular fitness, cardiovascular endurance, agility and power. The physical fitness test items are different from national conditions and the development stage of fitness. The results are as follows: 1 America to use FITNESSGRAM management system so that physical fitness is more advanced and perfect. 2 China increased detection balls and skipping items, test content belongs to the technical aspects of the movement, are more inclined to athletic fitness, although covering a wide range, but the way is not easy to detect, process standardization difficult, difficult to complete testing equipment and venues, tests required for a long time also labor intensive. 3 Japan has ＂agility＂ test items were included. Individually Japan and China the two countries have 'grip' test items. 4 Taiwan corresponding evaluation elements but clearly assess the scope of the smaller elements, and in addition to Taiwan, the other three countries all have selected test items. Recommendation: Taiwan can refer to other countrys' physical fitness test items. Exspecially the hand-grip strength test, it is simple to implement, and it has important relevance to health. Measure cardiovascular endurance is restricted by space. Recommendation that Taiwan can add that selected test items, after studying with the norm established.The measure organization can adjust with measured object, the physical fitness test items of Taiwan could be more representative and more perfect.

並列關鍵字

Phyical Fitness ； Physical Fitness Test