足弓支撐鞋墊對桌球正手擊球使用步法的影響

緒論：本研究的目的為分析足弓支撐鞋墊對桌球正手併步擊球及正手交叉步擊球時足部生物力學的影響。方法：使用動作分析系統11台紅外線攝影機（200Hz）與1台測力板（2000 Hz）同步擷取20位男性大專甲組桌球選手穿著足弓支撐鞋墊和平底鞋墊執行交叉步及併步正手擊球之運動學與動力學資料。統計分析使用SPSS 18.0軟體，用相依樣本t檢定比較穿著兩種鞋墊時，足部內翻、外展角度、踝關節背屈角度、腳跟位移、膝關節、髖關節角度，支撐時間，及地面反作用力參數之間的差異，統計顯著水準訂為α=0.05。結果：穿著足弓支撐鞋墊正手交叉步擊球時，足部外展角度改變量、腳跟左右位移、踝關節足背屈改變量顯著小於平底鞋墊（p =0.022、0.047、0.040），膝關節屈曲角度改變量顯著大於平底鞋墊（p =0.011）、髖關節屈曲角度改變量顯著小於平底鞋墊（p=0.04），且前後地面反作用力最大值顯著大於平底鞋墊（p =0.001）。然而在併步正手擊球時，穿著足弓支撐鞋墊與平底鞋墊之運動生物力學參數並無統計顯著差異。結論：足弓支撐鞋墊能增加男性桌球運動員執行正手交叉步擊球的足部和髖關節穩定及膝關節緩衝之功能性，以利後來的推蹬，並增加下肢的支撐力，來保持身體重心的穩定性，提高精確擊球動作。

關鍵字

乒乓球；運動學；動力學；下肢

並列摘要

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of arch support insoles on table tennis forehand with the side-to-side step (chasse) and cross step. Methods: Twenty college male table tennis players performed forehand with the side-to-side step (chasse) and cross step with arch support insoles and regular insoles. Motion capture and force plate were used to measure kinematic and kinetic data. Paired-t tests were used to compare foot inversion and abduction angles, ankle dorsiflexion, heel displacement, knee and hip joint angles, ground reaction force (GRF) and contact time between two insoles. Results: Wearing arch support insoles significantly decreased the changed foot abduction angle (p=0.022), heel displacement (p=0.047), and changed ankle dorsiflexion angle (p=0.040) compared with regular insoles during forehand with the cross step. With arch support insoles, the changed knee flexion angle and hip flexion angle significantly increased (p=0.011) and decreased (p=0.04), respectively. The peak anterior/posterior GRF also increased with arch support insoles (p= 0.001). Conclusions: Arch support insoles were found to increase stability for college male table tennis players to execute forehand with the cross step.