政治論述分析與認同移位爭構：以中共大抓捕律師（709）案為例

709案是指中共在2015年7月9日開始，陸續抓捕超過三百位的維權律師及相關人員。中共官方媒體將律師定罪為「煽動／顛覆國家政權」，海外許多媒體則多指其為「政治打壓」事件，形成一場對維權律師定位認同的爭構之戰。本研究依據歐陸學者Laclau和Mouffe的「政治論述」分析策略，選取中國、香港、台灣、美國、英國等9家傳統知名報紙，及2個台灣的網路原生新聞媒體等共11家媒體，分析各媒體如何報導此一案件。研究首先透過內容分析將11家媒體的報導立場分為「偏中共官方」（簡稱偏官方）、「偏律師」和「迴避型」三種類型，然後根據本案兩階段的時點：拘捕期和判罪期，進一步分析不同立場媒體的論述爭構。本研究發現偏官方的媒體透過四種意義元素及符號，將維權律師移位「罪犯」，並將中共官方的抓捕和判罪定位為「公正合理」。相對地，偏律師媒體則在兩階段的報導中有八種意義元素，一方面批判中共抓捕和判罪不合法，另一方面重構維權律師正面形象。本研究結論指出，政治論述分析聚焦政治爭議事件中的行動者認同定位，有助於理解媒體報導在政治事件中的社會實踐；從激進民主角度來看，媒體應提供異議者表達不同意見的空間，而非將異議完全排除和噤聲。

關鍵字

709案；中國維權律師；政治論述分析；認同錯位

並列摘要

The case 709, or ＂China's massive arrest of rights lawyers on July 9, 2015＂, was about the event that China launched an abrupt massive arrest movement over more than 300 rights lawyers, citizens, staffs or relatives related to those lawyers. Many foreign media reports suggested that this was a political crackdown rather than a case of criminal offence due to its unexpected huge scale and lack of legitimate legal process. The case is analyzed through the notion of political discourse theories developed primarily by E. Laclau and C. Mouffe to explain how various media by China and media from Hong Kong, Taiwan, UK and US, constructed various identities of these lawyers, how these various ＂dislocations＂ have been subtly constructed through different ＂elements' and ＂signifiers＂ according to political discourse analysis. There are two methodologies used, the first one is content analysis, including quantitative analysis of the amount, words count and position bias of different media. The second one is qualitative method of political discourse analysis adopted to compare how various media construct identity locations/dislocations of rights lawyers. Finally, the paper discussed what are their implications for democratic societies.

並列關鍵字

709 massive arrest ； China Rights Defense Lawyers ； identity disposition ； political discourse analysis

國際替代計量

政治論述分析與認同移位爭構：以中共大抓捕律師（709）案為例

全文下載

主題瀏覽