後真相時代的新聞正確性：以台灣四家主流報紙為觀察

News Accuracy in the Post-truth Era: An Observation of Four Mainstream Newspapers in Taiwan

王維菁(Wei-Ching Wang)

《傳播文化與政治》 11期 (2020/06) Pp. 85-116

摘要

因應新聞面對後真相與後現代社會對新聞真實之挑戰，本文整合消息來源、專家、與閱聽眾三種新聞正確性來源模式，探究評估台灣報業之新聞正確性表現。研究發現，不同媒體組織在客觀錯誤、主觀錯誤表現評估上差異不大，但不同新聞路線表現結果有明顯差異，或許不同領域新聞所需之專業知能可能是影響新聞正確的關鍵之一，而專業知能或許也是報業重建社會信任的核心基礎。此外，消息來源、專家、與閱聽眾等不同來源對新聞正確之認知評估確有不同，使新聞真實及正確進入一更傾向詮釋、開放、民主與多元差異之境況，但即使如此，「維護公正客觀」、「確保新聞真實」以及「減少不當因果連結」仍被普遍認定是提高新聞正確與確保新聞品質之關鍵。

關鍵字

主觀錯誤 ； 客觀錯誤 ； 新聞正確性 ； 新聞真實

並列摘要

In response to the challenge of news accuracy during the post-truth and post-modern society era, the researcher has consolidated three news accuracy source modes (sources, experts, and audiences) to investigate and evaluate the news accuracy performances of the newspaper industry in Taiwan. The researcher found that different media organizations have little difference in terms of objective and subjective error assessment. However, different news channels performed differently, indicating that the professional knowledge accumulated by journalists in different fields may be one of the key factors to news accuracy. It is also the core foundation for the newspaper industry to rebuild social trust. There are indeed news accuracy assessment differences for different sources such as information sources, experts, and readers; indicating that news reality and accuracy have entered a state that is more inclined to interpretation, openness, democracy, and diversified differences. Despite so, ＂maintaining fairness and objectivity,＂ ＂ensuring news reality,＂ and ＂reducing inappropriate causal connections＂ are still generally recognized as the key factors to improving news accuracy and quality.

並列關鍵字

news accuracy ； news reality ； objective error ； subjective error ； writing problem