國際車輛自動駕駛技術發展

International Vehicle Automatic Driving Technology Development

李綱(Kang Li)

《土木水利》 46卷2期 (2019/04) Pp. 11-17

https://doi.org/10.6653/MoCICHE.201904_46(2).0003

摘要

車輛自動駕駛技術的發展由來已久，最早可追溯至1950年代美國通用汽車公司研發的火鳥1號及火鳥2號原型車，經過半個多世紀之後，自動駕駛車的發展熱潮已擴及世界各地，並帶動各種與無人車相關之創新服務模式及應用科技的發展。臺灣在資通訊科技領域的研發實力在全球占有一席之地，臺灣的電子業此刻亦面臨產業轉型與升級的嚴峻考驗，當前正逢全球自駕車、智慧車電產業之興起，臺灣自然無法自外於這一波浪潮之外。然而，臺灣發展自駕車產業的機會在哪裡？究竟是發展整車還是次系統？這一直是許多人關切的議題。本文首先介紹國際自駕車技術發展的歷史及現況，期能有助於更準確地預測未來的發展趨勢，最後根據臺灣產業的特性與國際車輛產業供應鏈角度，提出臺灣發展自駕車關鍵技術的展望與策略性建議。

並列摘要

It has been a long history to develop vehicle automated driving technology. The earliest development record can be traced back to the U.S. General Motors' Firebird No. 1 and No. 1 in 1950's. After a half century passed, the autonomous vehicle development boom has been widespread worldwide and drives all kinds of innovative service models related to unmanned vehicles and the development of application technology. Taiwan's R&D strength in the field of information & communication technology has a global footprint, but Taiwan's electronics industry is currently facing a severe challenge of industrial transformation and upgrading. At present, the rise of the global self-driving and smart car industry, Taiwan naturally cannot be outside this wave. However, what is Taiwan's opportunity of developing the self-driving car industry? Is it the development of a complete self-driving car or sub-systems? This has been the topic that many people in Taiwan are concerned about. This article first introduces the history and current status of international self-driving car technology development in order to more accurately predict the development trends in the future. Finally, based on the characteristics of Taiwan's industry and the perspective of global supply chain of the automotive industry, this article puts forward the prospects and strategic suggestions for developing key technologies for self-driving cars in Taiwan.