離子液體在化學工業之應用

Applications of Ionic Liquids in Chemical Industries

黃銘郁(Ming-Yu Huang) ； 林建琛(Jann-Chen Lin) ； 王逸萍(Yih-Ping Wang) ； 吳榮宗(Jung-Chung Wu)

《化學》 74卷4期 (2016/12) Pp. 311-320

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2016033

摘要

本篇論文主要是報告離子液體在化學工業上應用的案例。離子液體被定義為熔點低於100 °C的鹽類，由於具有獨特的化學和物理性質，例如極低蒸氣壓、對許多有機/無機化合物具有高溶解性、可調整親油/親水性、高電荷密度等優異的性質，因此吸引許多學術和工業方面的研究。離子液體具有多樣性及可調整性，在有機、無機、生質材料合成時，可做為對環境友善的觸媒、溶劑或輔助劑。除了可提升反應的活性和產品選擇性，離子液體可設計成在反應或處理後，自動和產品分層。而自動分層的兩相特性，不但促進產品和觸媒的容易分離，觸媒可回收再使用，也可簡化製程工序及節省操作成本，因此使得離子液體在化工產業有許多特殊的應用。

關鍵字

離子液體 ； 化學工業 ； 兩相特性

並列摘要

Ionic liquids (ILs), defined as salts with melting point below 100 °C, applied in chemical industries have reported in this article. Ionic liquids are attractive for both industrial and academic research because of their unique chemical and physical properties, namely low vapor pressure, good solvation of a wide range of organic/inorganic chemicals, adjustable hydrophilic/lipophilic solvating properties, high charge density. ILs with characteristics of diversity and adjustment are commonly used as environmentally benign catalysts and solvents in the syntheses of both organic and inorganic compounds, and biomaterials. By appropriate composition designed, besides improving the reaction activity and selectivity, the ILs could tend to segregate from products to form distinct biphasic liquid layers spontaneously after the reaction or treatment. Moreover, the unique self-separation biphasic characteristics of the catalyst system facilitate separation of products and recycling of catalystsand cost down the process and operation. All of the results render many practical applications of ILs in chemical industries.

並列關鍵字

Ionic liquids ； Chemical industries ； Biphasic characteristics