分析技術於藥物動力學研究之進展

Recent Development of Analytical Methods for Pharmacokinetic Studies

鄭釗沛(Chao-Pei Cheng) ； 吳育澤(Yu-Tse Wu)

《化學》 76卷1期 (2018/03) Pp. 75-86

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.201803_76(1).009

摘要

藥物動力學於新藥開發的過程中，扮演著關鍵的角色，而執行藥物動力學實驗之前，需經過合適且有效的樣品前處理，方能進行分析，並且將藥物動力學結果與藥品的安全性和療效用途做連結。樣品前處理目前以萃取及層析為目前主要方式，萃取法由液相層析、固相萃取演變至近期的液/固相微萃取和自動化固相萃取等，以利於提高藥物動力學分析上之精準度及靈敏度。層析法從傳統正/逆向和薄層層析改良至親水性作用層析、高效薄層層析及合相層析等，能專一地分析人體內的生化物質、胜肽及蛋白質等，另外也應用於運動禁藥檢測。而近期科學家致力於增加萃取效率的同時，也能對於環境較友善的樣品前處理方式，因此開始出現微波萃取、QuEChERS及微透析等，有效且環保地由血液、農產品及食品內提取待測物。本文描述近期常用及新穎之層析、萃取方法，並輔以藥品於人體血液或尿液中藥物動力學以及藥品、食品內有效成分含量分析為例作介紹。

關鍵字

萃取 ； 層析 ； 液/固相微萃取 ； 自動化固相萃取 ； 親水性作用層析 ； 高效薄層層析 ； 合相層析 ； 微波萃取 ； QuEChERS及微透析

並列摘要

Pharmacokinetics plays an important role in the process of new drug development. Before performing pharmacokinetic experiments, drugs have to undergo suitable and effective sample preparation then it can be analyzed and link the results of the pharmacokinetics with the safety and efficacy of the drug. All of the sample preparation, extraction and chromatography are the main methods. Extraction method by liquid chromatography, solid-phase extraction evolved into the modern liquid/solid-phase microextraction and automated solid phase extraction. With the progress of extraction, it could promote the accuracy and sensitivity during the analysis of pharmacokinetics. Chromatography method from traditional normal/reverse and thin-layer chromatography were evolved to hydrophilic interaction chromatography, high-performance thin layer chromatography and convergence chromatography. By the evolution of chromatography, the scientists could specifically analyze the body's biochemical substances, peptides and proteins. These techniques also applied to sports doping test. Recently, the scientists are dedicated to promoting the efficiency of extraction while providing a more environmentally friendly sample preparation method. Thus, microwave extraction, QuEChERS and microdialysis began to come out. Make the analytes more effective and eco-friendly extracted from plasma, agricultural products and food. We mainly rely on describing the recent and novel chromatography, extraction methods supplemented by pharmacokinetics in human plsma or urine, drugs and food content analysis of active ingredients as an example as an introduction.

並列關鍵字

Liquid/solid-phase microextraction ； Automated solid phase extraction ； Hydrophilic interaction chromatography ； High-performance thin layer chromatography ； Convergence chromatography ； Microwave extraction ； QuEChERS ； Microdialysis