前瞻高分子材料於太陽光催化水分解產氫之發展

The Development of Advanced Polymer Materials as Photocatalytic for Solar Hydrogen Energy

張之勵(Chih-Li Chang) ； 周鶴修(Ho-Hsiu Chou)

《化學》 77卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 17-37

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.201903_77(1).003

摘要

隨著工業迅速的發展，人類對於能源的需求量逐年增加；而在大量消耗下導致地球上的能源儲存量銳減，進而引發能源危機，並且因過度使用石化燃料，產生大量溫室氣體，更加劇了溫室效應及環境污染等問題。因此，潔淨可再生能源的開發成為現今最重要的課題之一，而在許多替代能源當中，氫能已被認為是一項具有潛力的潔淨可再生能源。然而現今在氫氣的製備中，九成以上都是利用甲烷重組所生產，意味著氫氣製造依然強烈的倚賴有限且不可再生之石化燃料，基於化石燃料之產氫方法不能真正的解決環境污染及溫室效應等問題，因此，如何有效地利用地球上取之不盡的兩大豐富來源太陽以及水來產生氫氣，是美國能源部（DOE）所規劃在未來最重要的終極產氫技術。而目前在光催化分解水產氫的光催化材料開發上也已經有相當多重大的進展，本篇文章介紹從再生能源種類與挑戰，以及現今科技的解決方法，並對於半導體高分子光觸媒產氫的方法、材料、系統、效率等內容進行一系列的介紹與探討，期望這篇文章提供一系統性的報導對於未來再生與潔淨的能源的有所助益。

關鍵字

半導體高分子 ； 光催化劑 ； 太陽光驅動 ； 分解水 ； 氫能源

並列摘要

Due to the rapid development of the industry, the requirement of energy for human has increased year by year. With a large amount of consumption, the energy storage on the earth has been sharply reduced, which has led to the energy crisis. Moreover, the excessive use of fossil fuels has produced a large amount of greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect and pollution. Thus, the development of green energy has become one of the most important goal. Hydrogen energy has been considered as a promising clean and renewable energy. However, over 90% of the hydrogen is produced by steam methane reforming nowadays, which still produce the greenhouse gas. Hence, how to effectively use the two abundant sources, solar and water, to generate hydrogen is considered as the ultimate technology in the future. At present, there have been a great progress in the development of photocatalytic materials for photocatalytic solar hydrogen evolution from water. This article introduces the types and challenges of renewable energy, as well as the solutions of the technology nowadays, and the approach of hydrogen evolution by using semiconducting polymer photocatalysts. A series of introductions and discussions on the materials, systems, and efficiency are described. This article is expected to provide a systematic report of renewable and clean hydrogen energy in the future.

並列關鍵字

Semiconducting polymers ； Photocatalysts ； Solar-driven ； Water splitting ； Hydrogen energy