螢光小分子用於偵測類澱粉蛋白聚集

蛋白質聚集經常是一些疾病重要的病徵，不容被忽略。截至目前為止，已有三、四十種蛋白被發現會形成類澱粉蛋白纖維，這是一種具有高度次序的蛋白質重複排列結構，目前已有一些常用的螢光分子如:硫黃素-T、剛果紅、薑黃素等可用來偵測這些聚集物的存在。比起高成本的正子斷層掃描或核磁共振造影，螢光分子做為偵測工具使用相對是比較容易且成本較低。倘若能在體內標記這些聚集物的位置，或是及早發現這些形成纖維之前的蛋白質寡聚體，對於此類型疾病的診斷或治療相信是有很大幫助。然而，發展具有專一性的探針是此領域的一大挑戰，多種蛋白都會形成相似的纖維結構，但探針必須能辨識微小的環境差異，而有區隔性的訊號產生。本篇文章將介紹過去文獻中所驗證過的，可以用以偵測蛋白寡聚體及纖維的螢光分子，將對其結構和功能有較詳細的說明。

關鍵字

螢光探針；類澱粉蛋白；類澱粉蛋白沉積症；寡聚體；蛋白纖維

並列摘要

Protein aggregation is often an important hallmark of some diseases and plays a role in amyloidosis. So far, thirty to forty different proteins have been found to form amyloid fibrils, which are highly ordered protein repeating structures. There are several commonly used fluorescent molecules such as thioflavin-T, Congo red, and curcumin, etc., which can be used to detect the presence of amyloid fibrils. The use of fluorescent molecules as detection tools is relatively easy and low-cost compared with high-cost positron tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. It would be very helpful for the diagnosis or treatment of this type of disease, if the location of these fibrils can be labeled or the protein oligomers can be detected by these probes. However, the development of specific probes is a major challenge in this field. Many proteins will form similar fibril structures. The probes must be able to recognize micro-environmental differences and generate differentiated signals. This article will introduce fluorescent molecules that have been validated in previous literature and can be used to detect protein oligomers and fibrils. Their structure and function will be described in more detail.

並列關鍵字

Fluorescent chemicals ； Amyloidogenic proteins ； Amyloidosis ； Oligomers ； fibrils

國際替代計量

螢光小分子用於偵測類澱粉蛋白聚集

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