- 期刊
A Novel Protocol for Vehicle Cluster Formation and Vehicle Head Selection in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks
摘要
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a special kind of mobile ad-hoc network where network nodes are represented by actual moving vehicles. Due to the mobility of vehicles, VANET is a highly dynamic structure that requires the type of sophisticated control that can be provided by an efficient clustering algorithm. The clustering solution provides the degree of performance necessary to handle the message flooding in the network, hence decreases the protocol overhead happening within the network. The controlling instance in the cluster is known as a vehicle head. The vehicle head handles the messaging communication between both individual vehicles and the clusters themselves. The selection of an optimal vehicle head within a cluster is an open issue. In this work we proposed a novel approach of vehicle cluster formation and vehicle head selection in VANET. Our protocol design centers around the application of K-means and Floyd-Warshall algorithms, to form vehicle clusters and then select the vehicle head based on the optimum route to the nearest vehicle. The optimum vehicle head is that vehicle which occupies a central position nearest to the rest of the vehicles in a cluster. The K-means algorithm is applied to divide vehicles into three different clusters considering uniform speed of the vehicles. The task of Floyd-Warshall algorithm is to actually compute that which vehicle occupies the centralized position thereby selecting the cluster's vehicle head. The designed protocol cluster stability comparison with the existing protocols shows that it produces significant improvements over other approaches. Moreover, the practical implementation and evaluation shows that our centralize cluster based routing protocol is highly adapted to a congested environment. The protocol is programmed in C language and simulated in Code-Blocks integrated development environment (IDE).
延伸閱讀
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