思想史的雙重批判－徐復觀的學術論爭及其當代價值

On the Rivals of History of Ideas-The Academic Debates and Contemporary Value of Xu Fuguan

王晨光(WANG , Chen-guang)

《新亞學報》 34卷 (2017/08) Pp. 93-146

https://doi.org/10.6743/NAJ.201708_34.0003

摘要

徐復觀的新儒家身份常使人忽視其思想史撰述的意圖。上世紀六七十年代，徐復觀同考據派和形上學的學者發生或明或暗的衝突。通過學術史鉤沉，可以發現衝突背後絕非僅是治學趣向的差異，而暗含著如何回歸以經史為主體的中國古典學思考。其對魯實先、屈萬里、錢穆等人的批判主要針對客觀化、精微化的史學研究漸趨前「過度推演」的弊症，而其對唐君毅、牟宗三、熊十力等人的批判則主要針對形上學式的經典改造及詮釋疏缺。由此，徐復觀接納現代史學成果，通過歷史語境學的方式呈現經學史，強調思想家對所處時空的憂患，其目的是要回歸「經史－經世」為主體的中國古典學教義。

關鍵字

徐復觀 ； 思想史方法 ； 港臺學術 ； 經學史 ； 經世

並列摘要

Xu Fuguan's identity as a member of the New Confucianism circle has often led some to overlook the intention of his writing. In the1960s and 1970s, Xu Fuguan came to clashes, more explicitly in some cases than others, with scholars of the schools of textual criticism and metaphysics. Through an investigation in academic history, this paper will show that Xu's conflicts with his contemporaries not onlyarise from their differences in their scholarship, but also implicitly points to a Xu’s return to a classical way of thinking that takes history as its mainstay. Xu’s criticism of Lu Shixian, Qu Wanli, Qian Mu and others is mainly aimed at the tendency of excessive deduction and over-generalization of an objective and microscopic kind of historical research. His criticism of Tang Junyi, Mou Zongsan, Xiong Shili and others is, on the other hand, mainly aimed at their re-interpretation of the metaphysics classics and a dearth in their effort at exegesis. In this way, Xu Fuguan accepts the achievements of modern historiography, presenting the history of Confucian classics through the method of historical contextualism, while highlighting an intellectual’s sense of concern for his times. Xu’s purpose is to return to the essence of classical studies that has at its core an orientation towards the study of statecraft.

並列關鍵字

Xu Fuguan ； History of Ideas ； Hong Kong and Taiwan academia ； History of Confucian Classics ； Statecraft