Indonesia's Schools and Participatory Governance in the Reformasi Era

Shangpo HSIEH

《Nusantara：An International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences》 2卷1期 (2020/06) Pp. 53-82

https://doi.org/10.6936/NIJHSS.202006_2(1).0003

摘要

Indonesia's primary schools have long been criticised for poor education services despite the establishment of school committees in 2002. School committees are participatory governance institutions for the involvement of pupils' parents and other stakeholders in the decision-making processes at schools. While the literature documents the merits of such institutions in several cases, school committees have not brought about significant improvements in the education services offered at Indonesia's primary schools. By analysing relevant statutes and stakeholders' accountability awareness and behaviours, it is argued in this paper that several contextual factors have impeded school committees from performing optimally in the 2002-2016 period. In pilot areas where nongovernmental organisations experimented with new tactics, however, there were signs of improvement, rekindling hopes for the future. These findings enrich not only the scholarly understanding of governance reforms in Indonesia's education sector, but they also add to academic discussions on participatory governance in transitional democracies.

關鍵字

participatory governance ； primary school ； stakeholders ； NGO ； Indonesia

參考文獻

Anderson, B. R. O. (1983). Old state, new society: Indonesia's New Order in comparative historical perspective. The Journal of Asian Studies, 42(3), 477–496. https://doi.org/10.2307/2055514

Andersson, K., & van Laerhoven, F. (2007). From local strongman to facilitator. Comparative Political Studies, 40(9), 1085–1111. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414006288977

Bjork, C. (2005). Indonesian education: Teachers, schools, and central bureaucracy. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203959015

Bouckaert, G., & van de Walle, S. (2003). Comparing measures of citizen trust and user satisfaction as indicators of ‘good governance': Difficulties in linking trust and satisfaction indicators. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 69(3), 329–343. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852303693003

Bryk, A. (1998). Charting Chicago school reform: Democratic localism as a lever for change. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429501746