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  • 學位論文

從「土法煉鋼」到「科學化訓練」:運動科學專業與高中排球甲組教練的協力共作

From “Primitive Steelmaking” to “Scientific Training”: The Collaborative Works of Sport Science and High School Volleyball League Coaches

指導教授 : 黃克先
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摘要


台灣體育圈一直受到國家功績主義的高度影響。為了追求運動功績,國家在教育體制由下到上打造培訓運動專業的升學體制。然而,過度追求功績的結果則導致從基層就開始土法煉鋼,在後續的賽事中飽受批評。本文試圖呈現高中體育班的排球教練與運動科學之間的專業合作,從資源貧瘠的基層開始出發,突破舊有的土法煉鋼。雙方在追求競賽成績的同時,關照選手更長遠的生涯,包括學業、不帶傷痛的身體、重訓的知識等。本研究以專業化的理論視角,說明運動科學專業如何建立自身專業,同時又如何在實作中與教練分工合作。研究發現,國家功績主義建立的運動專業培訓體系,形成封閉的系統,不僅再生產了土法煉鋼,也阻隔運動科學的進入,但運動科學專業反而引用基層崇尚「模仿冠軍」的邏輯進入基層建立合作關係。而透過進入排球甲組的田野觀察方式,本文發現教練與運動科學各自有不同的劃界工作:教練試圖與「老教練」劃界,區分訓練的「操」與「練」;體能訓練師則以評估和訓練計畫區分過去土法煉鋼的亂練;而運動防護員則以評估和預防區分過去土法煉鋼對於傷痛的忽略。三者則在資源有限的條件下區分彼此的管轄權與確認合作關係。基於對話劃界工作與管轄權的概念,本文提出協力共作(collaborative work)的概念,說明運動專業在基層以教育為目標進行專業間合作,同時透過協作教育的訓練實作突破國家功績主義。

並列摘要


Sport education in Taiwan has long been influenced by national meritocracy.Aiming for success and merit, the state builds a bottom-up education system for the sport profession. However, the so-called “primitive steel-making” resulting from the excessive pursuit of merit draws criticism in the ensuing sport events. This thesis aims at presenting the collaboration between HVL(High School Volleyball League) coaches and sport science professionals, through which they start up from poor grass-root and break the primitive steel making. While pursuing merits, both coaches and sport science professionals concern the players’ long-term career, including their academic performance, prevention from chronic pain, and knowledge of physic training. This study draws on the theory of professionalization to explicate how sport science professionals establish their profession while collaborating with the coach in practice. First, the training system of sport profession, which was built by national meritocracy, became a closed system, which not only reproduced the primitive steel making and stopped sport science from entering. However, sport science professionals take advantage of grass-root’s logic of "imitating champion” to enter grass-root and set up a collaborative relationship. Through the field work in HVL school, this thesis’s second argument is that there are separate boundary works of coaches and sport science professionals. Young coaches tried to make a boundary between old coaches by differentiating "Cāo"(overtraining) and "Liàn"(skill training); the strength and conditioning coach utilizes "assessing" and "training program" to differentiate itself from the blindly training; the athletic trainer utilizes "accessing" and "preventing" to differentiate itself from the neglect of hurt in primitive steel making. On the other hand, the three differentiate their jurisdictions among themselves and set up collaboration despite the dearth of resources. Based on the concept of “jurisdiction” and “boundary work,” this study proposes the concept of “collaborative work” to explicate the interdisciplinary collaboration between sport professionals and the coach in grass-root for educational purpose, and their breaking down of national meritocracy through the practice of collaborative work.

參考文獻


中文文獻
(1)報章
民生報,2000,〈教練 不能再師父帶徒弟 土法煉鋼落伍了 須與運科結合〉,10月07號。網址:https://reurl.cc/4RVWD3。(檢閱日期:2020/6/30)
報導者,2018,〈失去賽場的孩子們,棒球體育班操壞的強手臂〉,08月24號。網址:https://reurl.cc/yZp2Vq。(檢閱日期:2020/07/25)
運動視界,2018,〈網球 B級教練講習》引導步驟VS土法煉鋼 正確的觀念教育網球新生代選手〉,08月02號。網址:https://reurl.cc/vDO4Mo。(檢閱日期:2020/06/29)

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