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  • 學位論文

學習導向保育教育展示設計:以金門地區螢火蟲展為例

Designing a Learning Oriented Firefly Exhibition in Kinmen

指導教授 : 劉奇璋

摘要


本研究嘗試翻轉以往由推廣者決定要如何教,教甚麼之教學導向環境教育,轉向由參與者決定如何學,學甚麼之學習導向環境教育。以金門地區螢火蟲保育教育展示為研究主體,以成人觀眾學習成效為研究內容,藉由前置性評量、形成性評量及總結性評量之結果作依據,探討參觀金門地區螢火蟲保育教育展示之成人觀眾學習成效。研究前期,在金門實施前置性評量,以探討一般大眾對於螢火蟲的知識,感興趣的螢火蟲保育教育內容,以及溝通與展示方式,作為設計及規劃展示內容之依據。展示發展過程,將初步完成的展示樣品,進行預展,同時利用形成性評量,以了解展示內容是否符合參訪者之學習及溝通方式,並針對形成性評估的結果,重新設計展示。展覽正式開始後,進行總結性評估,以了解參訪者的學習成效,是否達到我們保育教育目標。 本研究採用質量並重的方法,利用「前置性評量問卷」、「形成性訪談大綱」、「總結性評量問卷」等三份研究工具。前置性評量與總結性評量採用問卷調查;形成性評量採用半結構式訪談。研究結果顯示:在前置性評量方面,受測民眾對於螢火蟲的了解程度偏低,對於螢火蟲之食性、棲地以及發光機制等相關問題答對率較低。民眾感興趣之螢火蟲相關議題,則分別以生活習性、棲地、生態、發光機制以及保育方面獲得較多受測者青睞。民眾喜歡的溝通與展示方式,則以體驗式隧道、虛擬實境、螢火蟲圖畫/攝影照片/藝術品、解說人員為主。在形成性評量方面,大部分受測者提出的建議為海報字體放大、海報圖片放大、暗箱加大,製作材質可改為木箱、海報加大,甚至可以整面牆的大小、調整海報擺放位置、將放置在海報前的一排休閒椅移除、增加海報內容豐富度、不使用綠黏土固定,改其他更牢固的固定方式、模型可使用不易斷裂材質。在總結性評量方面,受測者在環境素養前後測成績有顯著差異,且在環境素養5大目標(概念知識、覺知與敏感度、態度與價值觀、行動技能、行動意圖)各組間前後測成績亦均有顯著差異。 本研究綜合量化、質化資料分析結果提出結論與建議,對於以學習導向的展覽設計和所有三項評量的研究,期盼可以應用於未來相關的自由選擇學習計畫。

並列摘要


The purpose of this study is to assess participants’ learning outcomes of learning-centered firefly exhibition in Kinmen. In this study, there are 3 research tools, such as front-end evaluation, formative evaluation, and summative evaluation. Questionnaire surveys were used for front-end evaluation and summative evaluation; semi-structured interviews were used for formative evaluation. In the early stages of the study, we conducted a front-end evaluation to explore general public’s conversation awareness, attitude and behavior, as well as their understanding of and interest in firefly conservation. We then designed and modified the exhibits, invited public to visit and conducted formative evaluation, which allows us to understand participants’ learning about the subject to modify the exhibit to facilitate visitors’ learning. After the exhibit was formally on, a summative evaluation carried out to access participants’ learning outcomes and saw whether our educational objectives achieved. The results showed that in the front-end evaluation, the participants had a low level of understanding of fireflies. Firefly-related topics of interest to the public are living habits, habitats, ecology, illuminating mechanisms, and conservation. The approach of communication and display is based on experiential tunnels, virtual reality, firefly pictures/photographs/artworks, and docents. In formative evaluation, most of the participants recommend enlarging poster font, poster image, and black box. Furthermore, the material of the black box can be replaced with a wooden box. In summative evaluation, the results showed that learning-centered firefly exhibition in Kinmen contributed significantly to participants’ environmental conceptual knowledge, awareness and sensitivity, values and attitudes, action skills, and actions intentions. The study of learner-centered exhibit design and all three evaluations could hopefully be considered to apply in such free-choice learning program in the future.

參考文獻


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