外籍母親與臺籍母親之健康差異

Health disparity between foreign-born mothers and Taiwanese mothers

林咏臻(Yung-Jen Lin)

指導教授 ： 江東亮

國立臺灣大學/公共衛生學院/衛生政策與管理研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.01582

摘要

背景：1980年代至今，臺灣的跨國婚姻大幅增加。由於生活條件普遍較差，外籍母親的健康狀況是否比臺籍母親差，是一個值得重視的議題，但目前相關研究十分缺乏。
目標：比較外籍母親與臺籍母親的健康狀況，並了解這兩群母親的健康差異是否與其社會經濟地位及社會支持有相關。
方法：橫斷性研究。資料來源為臺灣出生世代研究先驅調查，對象為2003年生產之母親，共1767名，其中臺灣1528人、中國100人，以及東南亞139人。依變項取自臺灣版SF-36的自述一般健康、生理健康，以及心理健康；主要自變項為原生國家、社經地位，及社會支持。
結果：(1)相較於臺灣母親，中國及東南亞母親較年輕（平均年齡，分別為30.4、29.1、25.9歲），而家庭社經地位較差（家庭年收入低於40萬分別為17.2％、46.0％、47.8％），但家庭社會支持無差異。(2)就健康狀況而言，中國及東南亞母親的自述一般健康優於臺籍母親，其自述一般健康表示佳者百分比依序為85.0％、87.8％，及72.9％；心理健康部分亦較佳（其心理健康分數依序為50.0、51.9，及45.6分）；而生理健康無顯著的差異。(3)控制年齡、社經地位及社會支持後，中國及東南亞母親的自述一般健康（OR= 2.43，95％ CI= 1.30-4.55、OR= 2.45，95％ CI= 1.39-4.32）及心理健康（B=4.62，p< .001、B= 5.64，p< .001）皆仍較臺灣母親佳。
結論：雖然外籍母親的社會經濟地位較差，但本研究並未發現外籍母親的健康比臺籍母親差。

關鍵字

外籍母親 ； 自述一般健康 ； 心理健康 ； 生理健康 ； SF-36

並列摘要

Background: Since the 1980s, the number of transnational marriages has increased largely in Taiwan. Foreign-born mothers generally live in more disadvantaged social environment than their Taiwanese counterparts. However, little research has been conducted in examining whether foreign-born mothers have poorer health than Taiwanese mothers.
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study the health disparity between foreign-born mothers and Taiwanese mothers, and examine that whether the disparity is influenced by socioeconomic position and social support.
Method: This was a cross-sectional study. Data are drawn from the Taiwan Birth Cohort Pilot Study. There are 1767 mothers whose child are 6 months old, including Taiwanese mothers (n= 1528), Chinese mothers (n= 100), and Southeastern Asian mothers (n= 139). Health variables are self-perceived general health, physical health, and mental health from SF-36 Taiwan version.
Result: (1) Compared to Taiwanese spouses, Chinese spouses and Southeastern Asian spouses are younger (mean age: 30.4, 29.1, and 25.9 years old), and have lower socioeconomic position (annual household income below NT$400,000: 17.2%, 46.0%, and 47.8%), but no difference in the level of family support. (2) Chinese spouses and Southeastern Asian spouses have better self-perceived general health than Taiwanese mothers. (Self- perceived good health percentage, 85.0%, 87.8%, and 72.9%), and Chinese spouses and Southeastern Asian spouses also have better mental health than Taiwanese mothers. (MCS score: 50.0, 51.9,and 45.6), but no difference was found in PCS. (3) After adjusting for age, socioeconomic position and social support, the likelihood of perceiving good health remained higher for Chinese mothers (OR= 2.43, 95％ CI= 1.30-4.55) and Southeast Asian mothers (OR= 2.45, 95% CI= 1.39-4.32) than Taiwanese mothers. A similar pattern was demonstrated for MCS score (Chinese mother:β=4.62, p< .001; South Asian mother: β= 5.64, p< .001).
Conclusion: The health of foreign-born mother is not worse than Taiwanese mothers, although they have lower socioeconomic position.

並列關鍵字

Foreign-born mother ； Self-perceived general health ； SF-36

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