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  • 學位論文

消費社會中的古蹟再利用-台北市的案例

The Revitalization of Historical Sites in Taipei Consumption Society

指導教授 : 夏鑄九

摘要


本研究嘗試從城市消費與文化政策的演變脈絡出發,探討歷史地景的空間意義在刮除重寫之際,成為文化消費新寵兒的結構性脈絡。古蹟再利用不僅關係著國家的文化政策與古蹟政策的轉變,同時也承接著城市空間消費與懷舊消費的演變脈絡。作為錘鍊城市歷史感的重要政策,歷史地景的再造工程成為都市政權用以召喚市民認同的具體要件。此外,在新自由主義以及城市企業主義的影響下,空間使用效率亦漸次取代歷史保存的意義,成為古蹟再利用的首要考量。古蹟保存或歷史詮釋不再以辨認城市歷史為目的,而文化與經濟的接枝更使得歷史保存與空間內涵的刮除重寫並存,成為刻劃城市新文史面貌的雙面利刃。 在經驗研究上以紅樓劇場、台北之家 (光點台北電影主題館),和台北故事館作為具體案例,分析其再利用後的經營模式與消費元素。這些案例顯示,古蹟再利用的意義,在消費社會中已然由空間經營的課題所替置。自給自足的政策內涵,使得營造空間行銷的地景品牌,以及吸納商業化活動並促成古蹟的商品化,成為經營單位在自負盈虧的財務課題下,不得不採取的生存策略。古蹟再利用後的商業化程度和空間內涵的刮除重寫模式,一方面關係著公部門與經營者看待古蹟的態度,另一方面也關係著經營者如何運用自身的經驗和技能,重塑再利用後的空間消費內涵,並與周邊場域的空間意象、消費客群,和地方尺度的人際網絡相互協調。 然而,古蹟的獨特性所衍生的壟斷地租,亦使得空間歷史往往被輕易挪用為空間行銷的品牌故事,並以此創造了新的符號消費。空間解嚴的社會意義與城市空間的公共性,則在此過程中逐漸由文化消費的場域所替置。因此,對於古蹟再利用發展趨勢的檢討,更是一個在消費了歷史與文化之後,該如何重新面對日常生活層次中公共領域參與的反省。

並列摘要


Following the transformation of cultural consumption and policy, the revitalization of historical sites has become a new fashion. The hot tide had been emerging not only from the changes of the cultural and heritage policy of the state, but also from the spatial consumption and consumption of nostalgia in the city. This research tried to figure out that with the diversion of spatial function fitting into the favor of cultural consumption, revitalizing the historical sites has been an important policy for the urban regime to recall civic identities. Besides, under the effects of neo-liberalism and city entrepreneurialism, spatial efficiency increasingly replaced historical meaning as the first concern. Historic preservation therefore no longer aimed in the city history, but in city marketing. Moreover, preserving the spatial forms and making a palimpsest of the space allowed the process of revitalization as a double edges sword to carve the city’s history and culture face. In order to understand the management patterns and the elements for consumption more clearly, the cases studies part chose the Red Playhouse, Taipei Film House, and Taipei Story House as examples. These cases showed that the concern of revitalization policy, especially in consumption society, had more focuses on their management issues than their preservation meaning. Self-sufficiency policy condition brought in financial pressure, and pushed the heritages into commercial and marketing field. Branding the landscapes, accepting commercial activities, and commoditizing the heritages became the necessary survival strategies. The patterns of diversion and their commercialization degree depended both on the managers’ attitude to heritages and the skills and experiment they had to deal with the management issues, such as the image of the historical space, the consumption elements, and the neighborhood network. However, the monopoly rent of heritages with their histories as the stories of their brands therefore create new symbol consumption. Furthermore, the social meaning and the publicness of releasing spaces were also increasingly replaced by the cultural consumption in the process. Thus, to retrace the trend of revitalization is to introspect that how we face the public participation in daily life, especially after just shopping the local culture

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