透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.230.162.238
  • 學位論文

實現於繪圖處理器軟體之WiMAX基地台端同步器

GPU Software Implementation of a Synchronizer for Fixed WiMAX Base-Station

指導教授 : 陳少傑

摘要


在2008年時,中興電子(ZTE)宣布架設全球第一個以軟體定義無線電為基礎的基地台。軟體定義無線電(Software- Defined Radio)是為了能在單一設備上支援多重標準的解決之道,由於具有可重配置性(Reconfigurable),這種方式可以避免掉傳統上為了配合多規格而使用多套硬體的高成本,並且還能保有對未來新制定的規格之調適性。而在本論文中,我們提出適用於IEEE 802.16d OFDM標準的基地台端同步器架構,並採用軟體定義無線電的方式實現。 一般的情形下,軟體定義無線電採用數位訊號處理器(Digital Signal Processor)為實現平台。而為了能夠因應基地台端的大量資料量,我們改用繪圖處理器(Graphics Processing Unit)來進行軟體實現,透過「統一計算架構」(Compute Unified Device Architecture)來利用繪圖處理器之多核心具有的高度平行處理能力,並藉由分析同步演算法並配合統一計算設備架構的硬體以及軟體架構進行平行化設計,我們在繪圖處理器上實現出一個包含了初始同步、估測載波頻率飄移、計算殘餘載波頻率及取樣時脈飄移的追蹤迴路、補償載波頻率飄移和取樣時脈飄移等機制之同步器。最後再進一步經由一連串軟體開發流程來使此同步器能達到基地台端同步器的即時運算與多用戶容量需求。

並列摘要


In 2008, ZTE in China has launched the ZXGW B8036 SDR (Software-Defined Radio) base-station, the world’s first pre-commercial SDR base-station. The concept of SDR is a solution for enabling one set of hardware to support multi-standards. Because of the reconfigurability, SDR can cut out the high cost of the conventional way by using one ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) chip per system in a single device. In addition, SDR has the adaptability and flexibility for future modifications, and even upgrades to new standards. In this Thesis, we propose a synchronizer architecture for base-station according to IEEE 802.16d OFDM specifications, and implement it through SDR. Conventionally, SDR uses DSPs (Digital Signal Processor) as platforms. In order to be able to process the massive data at a base-station, we implement our work on GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). By using CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture), we can utilize the highly-efficient parallel-processing power of GPU’s many-core architecture. Through the analysis of the synchronization algorithms and the hardware architecture and the software hierarchy of CUDA, we implement a synchronizer containing initial synchronization, CFO (Carrier Frequency Offset) estimation, residual CFO and SCO (Sampling Clock Offset) estimations and compensations of CFO and SCO. Finally, we apply a design flow to enable the synchronizer to meet the requirements of real-time processing and multiuser capacity.

並列關鍵字

Software-Defined Radio 802.16d Fixed WiMAX Synchronizer GPU CUDA

參考文獻


[1] J. Gozalvez, “The European Union Backs the DVB-H Standard,” IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, Vol. 3, No.2, pp. 3–12, Jun. 2008.
[3] J. Kim., S.-H. Hyeon, and S.-W. Choi, “Implementation of an SDR System Using Graphics Processing Unit,” Communications Magazine, IEEE, Vol. 48, No.3, pp. 156-162, Mar. 2010.
[8] J. J. van de Beek and P. O. Borjesson, “A Time and Frequency Synchronization Scheme for Multiuser OFDM,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 17, No.11, pp. 1900-1914, 1999.
[9] P.-Y. Tsai, H.-Y. Kang, and T.-D. Chiueh, “Joint Weighted Least Squares Estimation of Frequency and Timing Offset for OFDM Systems over Fading Channels,” in Proc. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, Vol. 4, pp.2543-2547, Apr. , 2003.
[10] T.-D. Chiueh and P.-Y. Tsai, OFDM Baseband Receiver Design for Wireless Communications. Taiwan, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007.

延伸閱讀