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  • 學位論文

醫院消防撒水系統接頭耐震行為之研究

A Study on Seismic Behavior of Joints of Fire Protection Sprinkler Piping Systems in Hospital

指導教授 : 張國鎮

摘要


我國緊急醫療救護法明定,急救責任醫院必須全天候提供緊急傷病患醫療照護。然而國內外重要建築抗震經驗顯示,消防撒水管線系統一旦於某處輕微震損而發生洩漏,隨即因工作水壓導致消防水持續外流,釀成淹水等二次傷害,迫使醫院等重要建築中斷正常醫療機能。其中,消防撒水系統末端之一英吋管徑螺牙式接頭因抗彎或抗剪容量不足而在強震中受損,為我國消防撒水管線經常發生的破壞模式。為提升管線系統耐震性能,本研究提出以消防系統常見之機械式續接接頭取代螺牙式接頭,並假設螺牙式管線接頭為彎矩破壞機制,執行靜態單向與反覆載重等抗彎實驗,探討其耐震行為及容量,並以靜力與動力分析結果進行評估。研究內容與結果簡述如下: 1. 撓性接頭規格測試:測試結果顯示,本實驗所採用之一英吋、四英吋與六英吋撓性與剛性機械接頭,皆符合NFPA 13對於撓性接頭之轉角規定。 2. 管線接頭抗彎實驗:為釐清管線接頭抗剪與抗彎行為,本研究以四點彎矩實驗機制執行單向與反覆載重實驗,並以管線初始洩漏點與結構破壞做為兩階段性能點檢核。比較原廠區分之剛性與撓性機械接頭的實驗結果,兩者耐震容量與行為差異甚小,適用管徑較小時更難以區分。另一方面,比較管線初始洩漏點,一英吋機械接頭明顯優於螺牙式接頭之實驗結果。 3. 管線接頭靜力分析:本研究依據我國耐震設計規範計算水平管線接頭抗彎需求,並依據NFPA 13與ASCE 7-10規定,計算垂直立管撓性機械接頭的轉角需求。依據實驗結果,螺牙式與機械接頭均可滿足上述規範要求。 4. 管線系統動力分析:本研究依據實驗結果建立管線接頭元件數值模型,並以某急救責任醫院消防撒水系統受震破壞案例,進行水平管線系統動態歷時分析。另外,其醫院管線系統之相同模型的振動台實驗一同分析。模擬結果顯示,振動台試驗受損之螺牙式接頭雖與現地破壞位置不同,但是破壞應為撓曲破壞。分析的結果與振動台實驗一致,故建議水平管線系統之動力分析,應以實驗求取輕鋼架天花板對撒水頭之側向勁度,且結合天花板系統之動力效應,方能反應消防撒水系統末端管路之實際耐震需求。

並列摘要


The Emergency Medical Care Law indicates that the emergency care responsibility hospitals must provide patients with medical care for 24 hours continuously. However, the earthquake experiences show that once the first leak occurs in fire protection sprinkler system, amount of water will flow out and cause flooding, secondary injury, and loss of medical function. From the earthquake experiences of sprinkler piping systems, the one-inch threaded joints usually fail in earthquake. To improve the seismic performance of piping system, this research suggests using mechanical joints at critical position instead of threaded joints. Assuming that the damage of threaded joints is controlled by flexure failure, the pure bending tests were completed to obtain the seismic behavior and capacity of joints. In the end, the experiment results were compared with the seismic demands from static and dynamic analyses to evaluate the seismic performance of joints. Summary of research results is as follows: 1. Flexibility testing of mechanical joints: The flexibility of rigid and flexible mechanical joints in three different diameters was tested according to FM 1920. All of the mechanical joints achieved the flexible requirement of NFPA 13. 2. Pure bending testing: The four-point flexural tests were executed under monotonic and cyclic loading. There is a little difference between the seismic capacity of rigid and flexible mechanical joint. When the diameter get small, it’s hard to distinguish the rigid mechanical joint from flexible joint in seismic behavior and capacity. On the other hand, the capacity of mechanical joints at the first-leak state has better results compared with threaded joints. 3. Static analyses: The moment and rotation demands were calculated based on the Seismic Design Specifications and Commentary of Buildings, the NFPA 13 and ASCE 7-10 respectively. Both the threaded and mechanical joints satisfied the requirements according to the pure bending testing results. 4. Dynamic analyses: In order to obtain the seismic demands of piping joints, a hospital sprinkler piping system was simulated which was damaged at one-inch threaded elbow in Jiashian earthquake. The weakest point of the model happened at the T-joint due to flexure failure but not at the real damaged position. To obtain the real seismic demands, it is suggested that the effect of suspended ceiling systems should be considered in dynamic analyses of piping systems

參考文獻


[5] 黃喬俊、姚昭智(2003),消防撒水系統耐震問題研究,國立成功大學建築研究所。
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[11] S. Vishnuvardhan, G. Raghava, P. Gandhi, M. Saravanan, DM. Pukazhendhi, Sumit Goyal, Suneel K. Gupta, Vivek Bhasin and K. K. Vaze(2011), Ratcheting Failure of Straight Pipes and Elbows with Internal Pressure Subjected Cyclic Loading, New Delhi, India.
[4] George Antaki, Aiken, SC. Various(2002), Seismic Design and Retrofit of Piping Systems July 2002, American Lifelines Alliance.
[7] Standard For The Installation of Sprinkler Systems 2010 Edition, NFPA.

被引用紀錄


林凡茹(2017)。建築消防撒水管線系統耐震性能評估方法研究〔博士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU201700409
葉昶辰(2016)。醫院消防撒水系統耐震評估與易損性簡化分析方法研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU201601162
胡佩文(2015)。醫院消防撒水系統耐震易損性分析研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2015.01068

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