退休生涯規劃與活躍老化關係之研究—以桃園縣教育志工為例

Research of Relationship between Retirement Life Planning and Active Aging – A Case Study of Education Volunteers in Taoyuan County

陳慧珊(Huei-Shan Chen)

指導教授 ： 謝登旺

元智大學/人文社會學院/社會暨政策科學學系/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2013.00073

摘要

摘 要
退休是工作者必經的路程，也是人生的一個重要里程碑，年輕人嚮往退休後不用上班的生活，但高齡者對退休卻懷著莫名的焦慮與恐懼；其實退休只是職場生涯的句點，並不代表人生的結束，而退休人員更應被視為重要的人力資源與寶藏，所以如何積極開發與利用高齡者的潛能來取代過去消極的安養與照顧，協助高齡者妥善的安排退休生涯規劃，進而活躍老化，實為一重要課題。
本研究採用質化研究法，主要針對桃園縣退休教育志工（九位）、運用單位（兩位）與主管單位（兩位），再輔以學者觀點（兩位）共四個面向，進行半結構性深度訪談，依據相關理論來檢視退休人員參與志願服務與活躍老化之關係，並將訪談結果與活躍老化的五個面向進行分析整理，歸納出參與志願服務對個人健康、社會參與、社會安全、正向靈性與持續學習等五個面向都有正向良好的促進關係，顯示參與志願服務對高齡者活躍老化是有幫助的。
研究結果顯示：一、只要願意參與活動，對退休人員都有助益，參與志願服務會增加許多活動的機會，因此可將志願服務放入生涯規劃中；二、參與志願服務屬於平和的角色轉換過程，對退休人員不會造成太大的壓力與衝擊，有助於退休人員適應退休生活與活躍老化；三、應從「提升志工的榮譽感、成就感、責任感、歸屬感」來留住志願服務者；四、參與志願服務可以增加人力資源並節省社會成本，對整個社會與退休人員都有直接的幫助，因此主管單位應積極並有效推動相關策略以鼓勵退休人員參與。
關鍵詞：活躍老化、志願服務、退休生涯規劃

關鍵字

活躍老化 ； 志願服務 ； 退休生涯規劃

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
Retirement is not only the process by which workers must pass, but also an important milestone in life. Young people long for the post-retirement life in which they don’t have to work. However, elderly people have inexplicable anxiety and fear towards retirement. In fact, retirement is the end of career but does not mean the end of life. Retirees should be regarded as important human resources and treasures. Therefore, how to actively develop and use the potential of the elderly persons to replace the negative nursing and care in the past so as to assist elderly people in proper arrangements of retirement career planning, thereby activating aging is an important issue.
In this study, the qualitative research method is used to conduct semi-structured the depth interview in four dimensions, including nine retirement education volunteers, two units appointing volunteers, two competent units ,and two scholars. In accordance with relevant theories, the relationship between the participation in volunteer services and active aging of retirees, the interview results and five dimensions of active aging are analyzed and collated, summarized that participation in volunteer services has positive promoting relations on personal health, social participation, social security, positive spirituality, and continuous learning, representing participation in volunteer services is helpful for active aging of the elderly.
The results show that 1. The willingness to participate in activities will be beneficial for retirees. Participation in volunteer services increases many opportunities for activities, so that it is recommended to add volunteer services into retirement life planning. 2. Participation in volunteer services is a peaceful role conversion process, which will not cause too much pressure and shock for retirees and be helpful for them to adapt to life after retirement and active aging. 3. Volunteer serving people should be retained with "enhancing the volunteer's senses of honor, accomplishment, responsibility, and belonging." 4. Participation in volunteer services can increase human resources and social costs on society, having a direct help for the whole society and retirees. Therefore, authorities should actively and effectively promote strategies to encourage retirees to participate in volunteer services.
Keywords: active aging, voluntary services, retirement career planning

並列關鍵字

active aging ； voluntary services ； retirement career planning

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