南部婦女生化湯知識與使用行為之相關探討

本研究目的在探討南部產後婦女生化湯知識與使用行為的相關性。為一描述性、相關性研究，以方便取樣，在南部地區醫院等級以上之醫院及坐月子中心，收集產後30日內的婦女515位。研究工具為結構式問卷，內容包括人口學資料、產科學資料、生化湯知識程度量表、生化湯使用行為量表。所得資料以次數分配表、百分比、平均值、標準差、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、史皮爾曼等級相關行統計分析。研究結果發現：（一）生化湯的知識程度經因素分析後分為三個構面，分別為「因素一：生化湯效益概念」，解釋變異數為19.00%；「因素二：生化湯藥材概念」，解釋變異數為17.08%；「因素三：生化湯一般概念」，解釋變異量為13.20%，累計解釋總變異數為49.29%。（二）生化湯使用行為經因素分析後分為三個構面，分別為「因素一：知覺有用性而使用生化湯」，解釋變異數為21.15%；「因素二：認同傳統習俗而使用生化湯」解釋變異數為13.54%；「因素三：因外力介入而不使用生化湯」解釋變異數為12.42%，累計解釋總變異數為47.12%。（三）產後婦女的教育程度在生化湯使用行為量表得分上有顯著差異；（四）生化湯的基本概念知識、生化湯的作用知識與生化湯使用行為之間無相關；（五）產後婦女生化湯訊息主要來自家庭成員，其次是大眾傳播，最少為醫事人員；（六）對生化湯方劑組成較為熟悉的僅為當歸、紅花、川芎三種藥材；（七）產後婦女在生化湯基本概念知識答“錯”與“不知道”的有64.8%；生化湯作用的知識答“錯”與“不知道”的有53.23%，整體的生化湯知識程度有半數以上偏向“錯”與“不知道”的程度之間；（八）產後婦女有66.6%會接受中西醫藥物幫助子宮收縮，且76%會自行準備與使用生化湯方劑。本研究結果可提供健康照護者做為產後臨床照護之參考，建議健康照護者須提升中醫藥相關知能，以提供正確使用生化湯的相關指導，教導產後婦女正確生化湯知識及使用方式，進而增進產婦自我照顧能力，以維護婦女健康。

關鍵字

產後；婦女；生化湯

並列摘要

The study aimed at exploring the correlation between knowledge and practices concerning Sheng-Hua-Tang among postpartum women in southern Taiwan. A descriptive correlational research design composed of a convenience sampling of 515 women within 30 days postpartum from hospitals above district level and postpartum rest centers was used. A set of structured questionnaire including demographic data sheet, obstetric data sheet, Sheng-Hua-Tang knowledge level questionnaire, and Sheng-Hua-Tang practice questionnaire was adopted. Data were analyzed by using frequency distribution table, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and Spearman rank correlation Results indicated: (1) three sub-dimensions retrieved from factor analysis of Sheng-Hua-Tang knowledge level were “Factor 1: effect concept of Sheng-Hua-Tang”, “Factor 2: ingredient concept of Sheng-Hua-Tang”, and “Factor 3: basic concept of Sheng-Hua-Tang”, which explained 19.00%, 17.08%, and 13.02% of the variance respectively and 49.29% of variance totally; (2) three sub-dimensions obtained from factor analysis of Sheng-Hua-Tang practices were “Factor 1: perceived usefulness has positive influence on the use of Sheng-Hua-Tang”, “Factor 2: tradition recognition has positive influence on the use of Sheng-Hua-Tang”, and “Factor 3: intervention of external force has negative influence on the use of Sheng-Hua-Tang”, which explained 21.15%, 13.54%, and 12.42% of the variance respectively and 47.12% of variance totally; (3) Sheng-Hua-Tang practice questionnaire showed that significant difference existed in postpartum women’s education level; (4) no correlation among basic and effect concept of knowledge, and practices of Sheng-Hua-Tang was found; (5) postpartum women’s information about Sheng-Hua-Tang obtained from family members mainly, then mass media, and then medical staff; (6) Danggui, Honghua, and Chuanqiong were only three ingredients to which postpartum women were familiar; (7) 64.8% of postpartum women answered “wrong” and “no idea” with regard to the basic concept of Sheng-Hua-Tang, and 53.23%, to the effect concept.; the whole knowledge level of more than 50% of postpartum women was between “wrong” and “no idea”; (8) 66.6% of postpartum women would accept Chinese and Western medicines to help uterine contraction, and 76% would prepare and use Sheng-Hua-Tang themselves. The results of the study could serve as a good reference for healthcare providers in postpartum clinical nursing. The study suggests health providers should elevate related knowledge and skills of Chinese medicine in order to not only give postpartum women knowledge and guidance of using Sheng-Hua-Tang, but also enhance their self-care ability, so as to maintain women’s health.