Ergonomics Evaluation of the Depth Effect on Autostereoscopic Displays

裸眼式立體顯示器深度效應之人因評估

孔維瑩(Wei-Ying Kung)

指導教授 ： 黃雪玲

國立清華大學/工學院/工業工程與工程管理學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

The big difference between the flat-panel and 3D stereo display is that 3D displays give a sensation of depth, offering a wholly new viewing experience. However, most of the Human Factor researches of 3D displays are regarding visual fatigue, while very few studies deal with the depth perception.
This research focused on free-viewing autostereoscopic displays which have been widely sold in the market, including two major types: parallax barrier type and 2D+D lenticular type which based on 2D plus depth map format. By using visual assessment method, this research compared the depth representation capabilities in different locations of the screen, under different brightness level based on perceiving minimum crosstalk, finding out the comfortable depth limit of different displays.
The result of this research showed that brightness could affect comfortable depth limit, especially on higher brightness. In addition, there was no significant difference in any location of the screen, thus, an autostereoscopic display had a uniform depth of field under same brightness level. Furthermore, this research established a visual comfort table of depth limit for both types of display.
The comfortable depth limit could be applied in many aspects, such as entertainments, content design and manufacturing. We can improve stereo image quality within the comfortable depth range of human eyes. In manufacturing, the depth representation capabilities of different 3D displays could be found by the method which this research offered, and the max depth of 3D displays could be defined using the comfortable depth limit.

關鍵字

裸眼立體顯示器 ； 交錯殘影閾值 ； 交錯殘影閾值 ； 人因評估

並列摘要

3D立體顯示器與ㄧ般2D顯示器最大的不同在於其提供了立體的觀感，賦予我們嶄新的視覺享受，而此種立體觀感來自於人類的深度知覺。目前對於3D立體顯示器關於人因的研究多集中於視覺疲勞部分，深度方面的研究甚少。
本研究著重於裸眼式立體顯示器，評估市售的主要兩款類型：欄柵式及透鏡式立體顯示器。以人因的視覺評估方法比較立體顯示器在不同類型、不同亮度及螢幕不同位置上，其深度的呈現能力，找出人眼所感知之舒適深度的範圍及界限。
本研究的結果指出亮度會影響立體顯示器的舒適深度界限，尤其於高亮度時。螢幕上各位置的深度呈現能力相當，表示立體顯示器具有均勻的深度空間。最後，本研究建立了一個視覺舒適度與深度的對照表，可用視覺舒適度滿足多少百分比的人對應出立體顯示器的舒適深度上限。
人眼對立體顯示器的舒適深度範圍可應用於娛樂、影像設計、製造等各層面。藉由立體顯示器的舒適深度界限，可在人眼適合觀看的深度內開發出達到最好立體影像品質之方法；於製造方面，立體顯示器的深度呈現能力可藉由本研究所提供的方法來量測，以舒適深度界限來定義顯示器的最大深度。

並列關鍵字

autosterescopic display ； comfortable depth ； depth of field ； crosstalk threshold

參考文獻

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Jones, G., Lee, D., Holliman, N., & Ezra, D. (2001). Controlling Perceived Depth in Stereoscopic Images. Proceedings of the SPIE, 4297A.

Kaptein, R., & Heynderickx, I. (2007). Effect of Crosstalk in Multi-View Autostereoscopic 3D Displays on Perceived Image Quality. Paper presented at the SID 07 DIGEST.